diff --git a/compat/snprintf.c b/compat/snprintf.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fec7aff61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/snprintf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1034 @@
+/* snprintf - compatibility implementation of snprintf, vsnprintf
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This software is open source.
+ * 
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 
+ * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 
+ * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 
+ * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
+ * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+ * specific prior written permission.
+ * 
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "config.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/* for test */
+/* #define SNPRINTF_TEST 1 */
+#ifdef SNPRINTF_TEST
+#define snprintf my_snprintf
+#define vsnprintf my_vsnprintf
+#endif /* SNPRINTF_TEST */
+
+int snprintf(char* str, size_t size, const char* format, ...);
+int vsnprintf(char* str, size_t size, const char* format, va_list arg);
+
+/**
+ * Very portable snprintf implementation, limited in functionality,
+ * esp. for %[capital] %[nonportable] and so on.  Reduced float functionality,
+ * mostly in formatting and range (e+-16), for %f and %g.
+ *
+ * %s, %d, %u, %i, %x, %c, %n and %% are fully supported.
+ *   This includes width, precision, flags 0- +, and *(arg for wid,prec).
+ * %f, %g, %m, %p have reduced support, support for wid,prec,flags,*, but
+ *   less floating point range, no %e formatting for %g.
+ */
+int snprintf(char* str, size_t size, const char* format, ...)
+{
+	int r;
+	va_list args;
+	va_start(args, format);
+	r = vsnprintf(str, size, format, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return r;
+}
+
+/* get printout designation:
+ * conversion specifier: x, d, u, s, c, n, m, p
+ * flags: # not supported
+ *        0 zeropad (on the left)
+ *	  - left adjust (right by default)
+ *	  ' ' printspace for positive number (in - position).
+ *	  + alwayssign
+ * fieldwidth: [1-9][0-9]* minimum field width.
+ * 	if this is * then type int next argument specifies the minwidth.
+ * 	if this is negative, the - flag is set (with positive width).
+ * precision: period[digits]*, %.2x.
+ * 	if this is * then type int next argument specifies the precision.
+ *	just '.' or negative value means precision=0.
+ *		this is mindigits to print for d, i, u, x
+ *		this is aftercomma digits for f
+ *		this is max number significant digits for g
+ *		maxnumber characters to be printed for s
+ * length: 0-none (int), 1-l (long), 2-ll (long long)
+ * 	notsupported: hh (char), h (short), L (long double), q, j, z, t
+ * Does not support %m$ and *m$ argument designation as array indices.
+ * Does not support %#x
+ *
+ */
+static int
+get_designation(const char** fmt, va_list arg, int* minw, int* precision,
+	int* prgiven, int* zeropad, int* minus, int* plus, int* space,
+	int* length)
+{
+	*minw = 0;
+	*precision = 1;
+	*prgiven = 0;
+	*zeropad = 0;
+	*minus = 0;
+	*plus = 0;
+	*space = 0;
+	*length = 0;
+
+	/* get flags in any order */
+	for(;;) {
+		if(**fmt == '0')
+			*zeropad = 1;
+		else if(**fmt == '-')
+			*minus = 1;
+		else if(**fmt == '+')
+			*plus = 1;
+		else if(**fmt == ' ')
+			*space = 1;
+		else break;
+		(*fmt)++;
+	}
+
+	/* field width */
+	if(**fmt == '*') {
+		(*fmt)++; /* skip char */
+		*minw = va_arg(arg, int);
+		if(*minw < 0) {
+			*minus = 1;
+			*minw = -(*minw);
+		}
+	} else while(**fmt >= '0' && **fmt <= '9') {
+		*minw = (*minw)*10 + (*(*fmt)++)-'0';
+	}
+
+	/* precision */
+	if(**fmt == '.') {
+		(*fmt)++; /* skip period */
+		*prgiven = 1;
+		*precision = 0;
+		if(**fmt == '*') {
+			(*fmt)++; /* skip char */
+			*precision = va_arg(arg, int);
+			if(*precision < 0)
+				*precision = 0;
+		} else while(**fmt >= '0' && **fmt <= '9') {
+			*precision = (*precision)*10 + (*(*fmt)++)-'0';
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* length */
+	if(**fmt == 'l') {
+		(*fmt)++; /* skip char */
+		*length = 1;
+		if(**fmt == 'l') {
+			(*fmt)++; /* skip char */
+			*length = 2;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* return the conversion */
+	if(!*fmt) return 0;
+	return *(*fmt)++;
+}
+
+/** add padding to string */
+static void
+print_pad(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, char p, int num)
+{
+	while(num--) {
+		if(*left > 1) {
+			*(*at)++ = p;
+			(*left)--;
+		}
+		(*ret)++;
+	}
+}
+
+/** get negative symbol, 0 if none */
+static char
+get_negsign(int negative, int plus, int space)
+{
+	if(negative)
+		return '-';
+	if(plus)
+		return '+';
+	if(space)
+		return ' ';
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ 32 /* 20 is enough for 64 bit decimals */
+/** print decimal into buffer, returns length */
+static int
+print_dec(char* buf, int max, unsigned int value)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	if(value == 0) {
+		if(max > 0) {
+			buf[0] = '0';
+			i = 1;
+		}
+	} else while(value && i < max) {
+		buf[i++] = '0' + value % 10;
+		value /= 10;
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+/** print long decimal into buffer, returns length */
+static int
+print_dec_l(char* buf, int max, unsigned long value)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	if(value == 0) {
+		if(max > 0) {
+			buf[0] = '0';
+			i = 1;
+		}
+	} else while(value && i < max) {
+		buf[i++] = '0' + value % 10;
+		value /= 10;
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+/** print long decimal into buffer, returns length */
+static int
+print_dec_ll(char* buf, int max, unsigned long long value)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	if(value == 0) {
+		if(max > 0) {
+			buf[0] = '0';
+			i = 1;
+		}
+	} else while(value && i < max) {
+		buf[i++] = '0' + value % 10;
+		value /= 10;
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+/** print hex into buffer, returns length */
+static int
+print_hex(char* buf, int max, unsigned int value)
+{
+	const char* h = "0123456789abcdef";
+	int i = 0;
+	if(value == 0) {
+		if(max > 0) {
+			buf[0] = '0';
+			i = 1;
+		}
+	} else while(value && i < max) {
+		buf[i++] = h[value & 0x0f];
+		value >>= 4;
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+/** print long hex into buffer, returns length */
+static int
+print_hex_l(char* buf, int max, unsigned long value)
+{
+	const char* h = "0123456789abcdef";
+	int i = 0;
+	if(value == 0) {
+		if(max > 0) {
+			buf[0] = '0';
+			i = 1;
+		}
+	} else while(value && i < max) {
+		buf[i++] = h[value & 0x0f];
+		value >>= 4;
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+/** print long long hex into buffer, returns length */
+static int
+print_hex_ll(char* buf, int max, unsigned long long value)
+{
+	const char* h = "0123456789abcdef";
+	int i = 0;
+	if(value == 0) {
+		if(max > 0) {
+			buf[0] = '0';
+			i = 1;
+		}
+	} else while(value && i < max) {
+		buf[i++] = h[value & 0x0f];
+		value >>= 4;
+	}
+	return i;
+}
+
+/** copy string into result, reversed */
+static void
+spool_str_rev(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, const char* buf, int len)
+{
+	int i = len;
+	while(i) {
+		if(*left > 1) {
+			*(*at)++ = buf[--i];
+			(*left)--;
+		} else --i;
+		(*ret)++;
+	}
+}
+
+/** copy string into result */
+static void
+spool_str(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, const char* buf, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+	for(i=0; i<len; i++) {
+		if(*left > 1) {
+			*(*at)++ = buf[i];
+			(*left)--;
+		}
+		(*ret)++;
+	}
+}
+
+/** print number formatted */
+static void
+print_num(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, int minw, int precision,
+	int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus, int plus, int space,
+	int zero, int negative, char* buf, int len)
+{
+	int w = len; /* excludes minus sign */
+	char s = get_negsign(negative, plus, space);
+	if(minus) {
+		/* left adjust the number into the field, space padding */
+		/* calc numw = [sign][zeroes][number] */
+		int numw = w;
+		if(precision == 0 && zero) numw = 0;
+		if(numw < precision) numw = precision;
+		if(s) numw++;
+
+		/* sign */
+		if(s) print_pad(at, left, ret, s, 1);
+
+		/* number */
+		if(precision == 0 && zero) {
+			/* "" for the number */
+		} else {
+			if(w < precision)
+				print_pad(at, left, ret, '0', precision - w);
+			spool_str_rev(at, left, ret, buf, len);
+		}
+		/* spaces */
+		if(numw < minw)
+			print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - numw);
+	} else {
+		/* pad on the left of the number */
+		/* calculate numw has width of [sign][zeroes][number] */
+		int numw = w;
+		if(precision == 0 && zero) numw = 0;
+		if(numw < precision) numw = precision;
+		if(!prgiven && zeropad && numw < minw) numw = minw;
+		else if(s) numw++;
+
+		/* pad with spaces */
+		if(numw < minw)
+			print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - numw);
+		/* print sign (and one less zeropad if so) */
+		if(s) {
+			print_pad(at, left, ret, s, 1);
+			numw--;
+		}
+		/* pad with zeroes */
+		if(w < numw)
+			print_pad(at, left, ret, '0', numw - w);
+		if(precision == 0 && zero)
+			return;
+		/* print the characters for the value */
+		spool_str_rev(at, left, ret, buf, len);
+	}
+}
+
+/** print %d and %i */
+static void
+print_num_d(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, int value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = (value < 0);
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_dec(buf, (int)sizeof(buf),
+		(unsigned int)(negative?-value:value));
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %ld and %li */
+static void
+print_num_ld(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, long value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = (value < 0);
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_dec_l(buf, (int)sizeof(buf),
+		(unsigned long)(negative?-value:value));
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %lld and %lli */
+static void
+print_num_lld(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, long long value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = (value < 0);
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_dec_ll(buf, (int)sizeof(buf),
+		(unsigned long long)(negative?-value:value));
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %u */
+static void
+print_num_u(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned int value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = 0;
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_dec(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %lu */
+static void
+print_num_lu(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = 0;
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_dec_l(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %llu */
+static void
+print_num_llu(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long long value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = 0;
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_dec_ll(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %x */
+static void
+print_num_x(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned int value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = 0;
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_hex(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %lx */
+static void
+print_num_lx(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = 0;
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_hex_l(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %llx */
+static void
+print_num_llx(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long long value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = 0;
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_hex_ll(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/** print %llp */
+static void
+print_num_llp(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long long value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = 0;
+	int zero = (value == 0);
+	int len = print_hex_ll(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
+	if(zero) {
+		buf[0]=')';
+		buf[1]='l';
+		buf[2]='i';
+		buf[3]='n';
+		buf[4]='(';
+		len = 5;
+	} else {
+		/* put '0x' in front of the (reversed) buffer result */
+		if(len < PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ)
+			buf[len++] = 'x';
+		if(len < PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ)
+			buf[len++] = '0';
+	}
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+#define PRINT_FLOAT_BUFSZ 64 /* xx.yy with 20.20 about the max */
+/** spool remainder after the decimal point to buffer, in reverse */
+static int
+print_remainder(char* buf, int max, double r, int prec)
+{
+	unsigned long long cap = 1;
+	unsigned long long value;
+	int len, i;
+	if(prec > 19) prec = 19; /* max we can do */
+	if(max < prec) return 0;
+	for(i=0; i<prec; i++) {
+		cap *= 10;
+	}
+	r *= (double)cap;
+	value = (unsigned long long)r;
+	/* see if we need to round up */
+	if(((unsigned long long)((r - (double)value)*10.0)) >= 5) {
+		value++;
+		/* that might carry to numbers before the comma, if so,
+		 * just ignore that rounding. failure because 64bitprintout */
+		if(value >= cap)
+			value = cap-1;
+	}
+	len = print_dec_ll(buf, max, value);
+	while(len < prec) { /* pad with zeroes, e.g. if 0.0012 */
+		buf[len++] = '0';
+	}
+	if(len < max)
+		buf[len++] = '.';
+	return len;
+}
+
+/** spool floating point to buffer */
+static int
+print_float(char* buf, int max, double value, int prec)
+{
+	/* as xxx.xxx  if prec==0, no '.', with prec decimals after . */
+	/* no conversion for NAN and INF, because we do not want to require
+	   linking with -lm. */
+	/* Thus, the conversions use 64bit integers to convert the numbers,
+	 * which makes 19 digits before and after the decimal point the max */
+	unsigned long long whole = (unsigned long long)value;
+	double remain = value - (double)whole;
+	int len = 0;
+	if(prec != 0)
+		len = print_remainder(buf, max, remain, prec);
+	len += print_dec_ll(buf+len, max-len, whole);
+	return len;
+}
+
+/** print %f */
+static void
+print_num_f(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, double value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_FLOAT_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = (value < 0);
+	int zero = 0;
+	int len;
+	if(!prgiven) precision = 6;
+	len = print_float(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), negative?-value:value,
+		precision);
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, 1, 0, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+/* rudimentary %g support */
+static int
+print_float_g(char* buf, int max, double value, int prec)
+{
+	unsigned long long whole = (unsigned long long)value;
+	double remain = value - (double)whole;
+	int before = 0;
+	int len = 0;
+
+	/* number of digits before the decimal point */
+	while(whole > 0) {
+		before++;
+		whole /= 10;
+	}
+	whole = (unsigned long long)value;
+
+	if(prec > before && remain != 0.0) {
+		/* see if the last decimals are zero, if so, skip them */
+		len = print_remainder(buf, max, remain, prec-before);
+		while(len > 0 && buf[0]=='0') {
+			memmove(buf, buf+1, --len);
+		}
+	}
+	len += print_dec_ll(buf+len, max-len, whole);
+	return len;
+}
+
+
+/** print %g */
+static void
+print_num_g(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, double value,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space)
+{
+	char buf[PRINT_FLOAT_BUFSZ];
+	int negative = (value < 0);
+	int zero = 0;
+	int len;
+	if(!prgiven) precision = 6;
+	if(precision == 0) precision = 1;
+	len = print_float_g(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), negative?-value:value,
+		precision);
+	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, 1, 0, zeropad, minus,
+		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
+}
+
+
+/** strnlen (compat implementation) */
+static int
+my_strnlen(const char* s, int max)
+{
+	int i;
+	for(i=0; i<max; i++)
+		if(s[i]==0)
+			return i;
+	return max;
+}
+
+/** print %s */
+static void
+print_str(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, char* s,
+	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int minus)
+{
+	int w;
+	/* with prec: no more than x characters from this string, stop at 0 */
+	if(prgiven)
+		w = my_strnlen(s, precision);
+	else	w = (int)strlen(s); /* up to the nul */
+	if(w < minw && !minus)
+		print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - w);
+	spool_str(at, left, ret, s, w);
+	if(w < minw && minus)
+		print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - w);
+}
+
+/** print %c */
+static void
+print_char(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, int c,
+	int minw, int minus)
+{
+	if(1 < minw && !minus)
+		print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - 1);
+	print_pad(at, left, ret, c, 1);
+	if(1 < minw && minus)
+		print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - 1);
+}
+
+/** print the designation */
+static void
+print_designation(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, va_list arg,
+	int conv, int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
+	int plus, int space, int length)
+{
+	switch(conv) {
+	case 'i':
+	case 'd':
+		if(length == 0)
+		    print_num_d(at, left, ret, va_arg(arg, int),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		else if(length == 1)
+		    print_num_ld(at, left, ret, va_arg(arg, long),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		else if(length == 2)
+		    print_num_lld(at, left, ret,
+			va_arg(arg, long long),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		return;
+	case 'u':
+		if(length == 0)
+		    print_num_u(at, left, ret,
+			va_arg(arg, unsigned int),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		else if(length == 1)
+		    print_num_lu(at, left, ret,
+			va_arg(arg, unsigned long),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		else if(length == 2)
+		    print_num_llu(at, left, ret,
+			va_arg(arg, unsigned long long),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		return;
+	case 'x':
+		if(length == 0)
+		    print_num_x(at, left, ret,
+			va_arg(arg, unsigned int),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		else if(length == 1)
+		    print_num_lx(at, left, ret,
+			va_arg(arg, unsigned long),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		else if(length == 2)
+		    print_num_llx(at, left, ret,
+			va_arg(arg, unsigned long long),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		return;
+	case 's':
+		print_str(at, left, ret, va_arg(arg, char*),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, minus);
+		return;
+	case 'c':
+		print_char(at, left, ret, va_arg(arg, int),
+			minw, minus);
+		return;
+	case 'n':
+		*va_arg(arg, int*) = *ret;
+		return;
+	case 'm':
+		print_str(at, left, ret, strerror(errno),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, minus);
+		return;
+	case 'p':
+		print_num_llp(at, left, ret,
+			(unsigned long long)va_arg(arg, void*),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		return;
+	case '%':
+		print_pad(at, left, ret, '%', 1);
+		return;
+	case 'f':
+		print_num_f(at, left, ret, va_arg(arg, double),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		return;
+	case 'g':
+		print_num_g(at, left, ret, va_arg(arg, double),
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
+		return;
+	/* unknown */
+	default:
+	case 0: return;
+	}
+}
+
+/** 
+ * Print to string.
+ * str: string buffer for result. result will be null terminated.
+ * size: size of the buffer. null is put inside buffer.
+ * format: printf format string.
+ * arg: '...' arguments to print.
+ * returns number of characters. a null is printed after this.
+ * return number of bytes that would have been written
+ *	   if the buffer had been large enough.
+ * 
+ * supported format specifiers:
+ * 	%s, %u, %d, %x, %i, %f, %g, %c, %p, %n.
+ * 	length: l, ll (for d, u, x).
+ * 	precision: 6.6d (for d, u, x)
+ * 		%f, %g precisions, 0.3f
+ * 		%20s, '.*s'
+ * 	and %%.
+ */
+int vsnprintf(char* str, size_t size, const char* format, va_list arg)
+{
+	char* at = str;
+	size_t left = size;
+	int ret = 0;
+	const char* fmt = format;
+	int conv, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space, length;
+	while(*fmt) {
+		/* copy string before % */
+		while(*fmt && *fmt!='%') {
+			if(left > 1) {
+				*at++ = *fmt++;
+				left--;
+			} else fmt++;
+			ret++;
+		}
+		
+		/* see if we are at end */
+		if(!*fmt) break;
+
+		/* fetch next argument % designation from format string */
+		fmt++; /* skip the '%' */
+		conv = get_designation(&fmt, arg, &minw, &precision, &prgiven,
+			&zeropad, &minus, &plus, &space, &length);
+		
+		/* print that argument designation */
+		print_designation(&at, &left, &ret, arg, conv,
+			minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space,
+			length);
+	}
+	/* zero terminate */
+	if(left > 0)
+		*at = 0;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#ifdef SNPRINTF_TEST
+
+/** do tests */
+#undef snprintf
+#define DOTEST(bufsz, result, retval, ...) do { \
+	char buf[bufsz]; \
+	printf("now test %s\n", #__VA_ARGS__); \
+	int r=my_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), __VA_ARGS__); \
+	if(r != retval || strcmp(buf, result) != 0) { \
+		printf("error test(%s) was \"%s\":%d\n", \
+			""#bufsz", "#result", "#retval", "#__VA_ARGS__, \
+			buf, r); \
+		exit(1); \
+		} \
+	r=snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), __VA_ARGS__); \
+	if(r != retval || strcmp(buf, result) != 0) { \
+		printf("error test(%s) differs with system, \"%s\":%d\n", \
+			""#bufsz", "#result", "#retval", "#__VA_ARGS__, \
+			buf, r); \
+		exit(1); \
+		} \
+	printf("test(\"%s\":%d) passed\n", buf, r); \
+	} while(0);
+
+/** test program */
+int main(void)
+{
+	int x = 0;
+
+	/* bufsize, expectedstring, expectedretval, snprintf arguments */
+	DOTEST(1024, "hello", 5, "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "h", 1, "h");
+	/* warning from gcc for format string, but it does work
+	 * DOTEST(1024, "", 0, ""); */
+
+	DOTEST(3, "he", 5, "hello");
+	DOTEST(1, "", 7, "%d", 7823089);
+
+	/* test positive numbers */
+	DOTEST(1024, "0", 1, "%d", 0);
+	DOTEST(1024, "1", 1, "%d", 1);
+	DOTEST(1024, "9", 1, "%d", 9);
+	DOTEST(1024, "15", 2, "%d", 15);
+	DOTEST(1024, "ab15cd", 6, "ab%dcd", 15);
+	DOTEST(1024, "167", 3, "%d", 167);
+	DOTEST(1024, "7823089", 7, "%d", 7823089);
+	DOTEST(1024, " 12", 3, "%3d", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "012", 3, "%.3d", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "012", 3, "%3.3d", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "012", 3, "%03d", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, " 012", 4, "%4.3d", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "", 0, "%.0d", 0);
+
+	/* test negative numbers */
+	DOTEST(1024, "-1", 2, "%d", -1);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-12", 3, "%3d", -12);
+	DOTEST(1024, " -2", 3, "%3d", -2);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-012", 4, "%.3d", -12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-012", 4, "%3.3d", -12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-012", 4, "%4.3d", -12);
+	DOTEST(1024, " -012", 5, "%5.3d", -12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-12", 3, "%03d", -12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-02", 3, "%03d", -2);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-15", 3, "%d", -15);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-7307", 5, "%d", -7307);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-12  ", 5, "%-5d", -12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-00012", 6, "%-.5d", -12);
+
+	/* test + and space flags */
+	DOTEST(1024, "+12", 3, "%+d", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, " 12", 3, "% d", 12);
+
+	/* test %u */
+	DOTEST(1024, "12", 2, "%u", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "0", 1, "%u", 0);
+	DOTEST(1024, "4294967295", 10, "%u", 0xffffffff);
+
+	/* test %x */
+	DOTEST(1024, "0", 1, "%x", 0);
+	DOTEST(1024, "c", 1, "%x", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "12ab34cd", 8, "%x", 0x12ab34cd);
+
+	/* test %llu, %lld */
+	DOTEST(1024, "18446744073709551615", 20, "%llu",
+		(long long)0xffffffffffffffff);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-9223372036854775808", 20, "%lld",
+		(long long)0x8000000000000000);
+	DOTEST(1024, "9223372036854775808", 19, "%llu",
+		(long long)0x8000000000000000);
+
+	/* test %s */
+	DOTEST(1024, "hello", 5, "%s", "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "     hello", 10, "%10s", "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "hello     ", 10, "%-10s", "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "he", 2, "%.2s", "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "  he", 4, "%4.2s", "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "   h", 4, "%4.2s", "h");
+
+	/* test %c */
+	DOTEST(1024, "a", 1, "%c", 'a');
+	/* warning from gcc for format string, but it does work
+	   DOTEST(1024, "    a", 5, "%5c", 'a');
+	   DOTEST(1024, "a", 1, "%.0c", 'a'); */
+
+	/* test %n */
+	DOTEST(1024, "hello", 5, "hello%n", &x);
+	if(x != 5) { printf("the %%n failed\n"); exit(1); }
+
+	/* test %m */
+	errno = 0;
+	DOTEST(1024, "Success", 7, "%m");
+
+	/* test %p */
+	DOTEST(1024, "0x10", 4, "%p", (void*)0x10);
+	DOTEST(1024, "(nil)", 5, "%p", (void*)0x0);
+
+	/* test %% */
+	DOTEST(1024, "%", 1, "%%");
+
+	/* test %f */
+	DOTEST(1024, "0.000000", 8, "%f", 0.0);
+	DOTEST(1024, "0.00", 4, "%.2f", 0.0);
+	/* differs, "-0.00" DOTEST(1024, "0.00", 4, "%.2f", -0.0); */
+	DOTEST(1024, "234.00", 6, "%.2f", 234.005);
+	DOTEST(1024, "8973497.1246", 12, "%.4f", 8973497.12456);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-12.000000", 10, "%f", -12.0);
+	DOTEST(1024, "6", 1, "%.0f", 6.0);
+
+	DOTEST(1024, "6", 1, "%g", 6.0);
+	DOTEST(1024, "6.1", 3, "%g", 6.1);
+	DOTEST(1024, "6.15", 4, "%g", 6.15);
+
+	/* These format strings are from the code of NSD, Unbound, ldns */
+
+	DOTEST(1024, "abcdef", 6, "%s", "abcdef");
+	DOTEST(1024, "005", 3, "%03u", 5);
+	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%03u", 12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "5", 1, "%d", 5);
+	DOTEST(1024, "(nil)", 5, "%p", NULL);
+	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%ld", (long)12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%lu", (long)12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "       12345", 12, "%12u", (unsigned)12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%u", (unsigned)12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%llu", (unsigned long long)12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%x", 0x12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%llx", (long long)0x12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "012345", 6, "%6.6d", 12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "012345", 6, "%6.6u", 12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "1234.54", 7, "%g", 1234.54);
+	DOTEST(1024, "123456789.54", 12, "%.12g", 123456789.54);
+	DOTEST(1024, "3456789123456.54", 16, "%.16g", 3456789123456.54);
+	/* %24g does not work with 24 digits, not enough accuracy,
+	 * the first 16 digits are correct */
+	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%3.3d", 12345);
+	DOTEST(1024, "000", 3, "%3.3d", 0);
+	DOTEST(1024, "001", 3, "%3.3d", 1);
+	DOTEST(1024, "012", 3, "%3.3d", 12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "-012", 4, "%3.3d", -12);
+	DOTEST(1024, "he", 2, "%.2s", "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "he", 2, "%.*s", 2, "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "  hello", 7, "%*s", 7, "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "hello  ", 7, "%*s", -7, "hello");
+	DOTEST(1024, "0", 1, "%c", '0'); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "A", 1, "%c", 'A'); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "", 1, "%c", 0); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "\010", 1, "%c", 8); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "%", 1, "%%"); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "0a", 2, "%02x", 0x0a); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "bd", 2, "%02x", 0xbd); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "12", 2, "%02ld", (long)12); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "02", 2, "%02ld", (long)2); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "02", 2, "%02u", (unsigned)2); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "765432", 6, "%05u", (unsigned)765432); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "10.234", 6, "%0.3f", 10.23421); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "123456.234", 10, "%0.3f", 123456.23421); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "123456789.234", 13, "%0.3f", 123456789.23421); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "123456.23", 9, "%.2f", 123456.23421); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "123456", 6, "%.0f", 123456.23421); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "0123", 4, "%.4x", 0x0123); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "00000123", 8, "%.8x", 0x0123); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "ffeb0cde", 8, "%.8x", 0xffeb0cde); 
+	DOTEST(1024, " 987654321", 10, "%10lu", (unsigned long)987654321); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "   987654321", 12, "%12lu", (unsigned long)987654321); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "987654321", 9, "%i", 987654321); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "-87654321", 9, "%i", -87654321); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "hello           ", 16, "%-16s", "hello"); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "                ", 16, "%-16s", ""); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "a               ", 16, "%-16s", "a"); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "foobarfoobar    ", 16, "%-16s", "foobarfoobar"); 
+	DOTEST(1024, "foobarfoobarfoobar", 18, "%-16s", "foobarfoobarfoobar"); 
+
+	/* combined expressions */
+	DOTEST(1024, "foo 1.0 size 512 edns", 21,
+		"foo %s size %d %s%s", "1.0", 512, "", "edns");
+	DOTEST(15, "foo 1.0 size 5", 21,
+		"foo %s size %d %s%s", "1.0", 512, "", "edns");
+	DOTEST(1024, "packet 1203ceff id", 18,
+		"packet %2.2x%2.2x%2.2x%2.2x id", 0x12, 0x03, 0xce, 0xff);
+ 
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* SNPRINTF_TEST */
diff --git a/doc/Changelog b/doc/Changelog
index 0986353f1..512c42497 100644
--- a/doc/Changelog
+++ b/doc/Changelog
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 18 April 2013: Wouter
 	- fix bug #491: pick program name (0th argument) as syslog identity.
+	- own implementation of compat/snprintf.c.
 
 15 April 2013: Wouter
 	- Fix so that for a configuration line of include: "*.conf" it is not