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php-src/UPGRADING
Stanislav Malyshev eca88d3064 Sorted engine changes by severity and added chained 
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2011-11-23 21:21:10 +00:00

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$Id$
UPGRADE NOTES - PHP 5.4
1. Changes made to default configuration
2. Reserved words and classes
3. Changes made to engine behaviour
4. Changes made to existing functions
5. Changes made to existing methods
6. Changes made to existing classes
7. Deprecated
8. Removed
9. Extensions:
a. with changed behaviour
b. no longer possible to disable
10. Changes in SAPI support
11. Changes in INI directives
12. Syntax additions
13. Windows support
14. New in PHP 5.4:
a. New functions
b. New global constants
c. New classes
d. New methods
e. New class constants
f. New hash algorithms
========================================
1. Changes made to default configuration
========================================
- The default_charset setting now defaults to UTF-8.
It was ISO-88590-1 before, so if you were relying
on the default, you will need to add:
default_charset = iso-8859-1
to your php.ini to preserve pre-5.4 behavior.
- We now check at compile time if /dev/urandom or /dev/arandom
are present to provide non-blocking entropy to session id
generation. If either is present, session.entropy_file
now defaults to that file and session.entropy_length defaults
to 32. If you do not want extra entropy for your session ids
for some reason, add:
session.entropy_file=
session.entropy_length=0
to your php.ini to preserve pre-PHP5.4 behavior.
- Deprecated ini directives will now throw an E_CORE_WARNING's
instead of the previous E_WARNING's.
The following directives are marked as deprecated:
- magic_quotes_gpc
- magic_quotes_runtime
- magic_quotes_sybase
- The following directives, which indicates a removed feature
in PHP will now throw an E_CORE_ERROR upon startup like the
deprecation warnings.
The following directives are no longer available:
- allow_call_time_pass_reference
- define_syslog_variables
- highlight.bg
- register_globals
- register_long_arrays
- safe_mode
- safe_mode_gid
- safe_mode_include_dir
- safe_mode_exec_dir
- safe_mode_allowed_env_vars
- safe_mode_protected_env_vars
- zend.ze1_compatibility_mode
=============================
2. Reserved words and classes
=============================
- "callable", "insteadof" and "trait" are reserved words now.
===================================
3. Changes made to engine behaviour
===================================
- It's now possible to enforce the class' __construct arguments in an abstract
constructor in the base class.
abstract class Base
{
abstract public function __construct();
}
class Foo extends Base
{
public function __construct($bar) {}
}
Now emits a Fatal error due the incompatible declaration.
- In previous versions, names of superglobals could be used for parameter
names, thereby shadowing the corresponding superglobal. This now causes a
fatal error such as "Cannot re-assign auto-global variable GLOBALS".
- Turning null, false or empty string into an object by adding a property
will now emit a warning instead of an E_STRICT error.
$test = null;
$test->baz = 1;
To create a generic object you can use StdClass:
$test = new StdClass;
$test->baz = 1;
- Converting array to string now will cause E_NOTICE warning.
- Chained string offsets - e.g. $a[0][0] where $a is a string - now work, which
means isset($a['foo']['bar']) now will return true due to automatic type conversion.
- Changed E_ALL to include E_STRICT.
- Closures now support scopes and $this and can be rebound to
objects using Closure::bind() and Closure::bindTo().
- Added multibyte support by default. Now it can be enabled or disabled through
zend.multibyte directive in php.ini.
- <?= is now always available regardless of the short_open_tag setting.
- Parse error messages are changed to contain more information about the error.
=====================================
4. Changes made to existing functions
=====================================
- array_combine now returns array() instead of FALSE when two empty arrays are
provided as parameters.
- Added an extra parameter to dns_get_record(), which allows requesting DNS
records by numeric type and makes the result include only the raw data of
the response.
- call_user_func_array no longer allows call-time pass by reference.
- htmlentities/htmlspecialchars are stricter in the code units they accept for
the asian encodings. For Big5-HKSCS, the octets 0x80 and 0xFF are rejected.
For GB2312/EUC-CN, the octets 0x8E, 0x8F, 0xA0 and 0xFF are rejected. For
SJIS, the octets 0x80, 0xA0, 0xFD, 0xFE and 0xFF are rejected, except maybe
after a valid starting byte. For EUC-JP, the octets 0xA0 and 0xFF are
rejected.
- htmlentities now emits an E_STRICT warning when used with asian characters,
as in that case htmlentities has (and already had before this version) the
same functionality as htmlspecialchars.
- htmlentities no longer numerically encodes high characters for single-byte
encodings (except when there's actually a corresponding named entity). This
behavior was not documented and was inconsistent with that for "UTF-8".
- html_entity_decode/htmlspecialchars_decode behave more consistently, now
decoding entities in malformed strings such as "&&amp;" or "&#&amp;".
- htmlentities/htmlspecialchars/html_entity_decode/htmlspecialchars_decode:
Added the flags ENT_HTML401, ENT_XML1, ENT_XHTML, and ENT_HTML5. The
behavior of these functions including, but not limited to, the characters
that are encoded and the entities that are decoded depend on the document
type that is specified by those flags.
- htmlentities/htmlspecialchars with !$double_encode do more strict checks on
the validity of the entities. Numerical entities are checked for a valid
range (0 to 0x10FFFF); if the flag ENT_DISALLOWED is given, the validity of
such numerical entity in the target document type is also checked. Named
entities are checked for necessary existence in the target document type
instead of only checking whether they were constituted by alphanumeric
characters.
- The flag ENT_DISALLOWED was added. In addition to the behavior described in
the item before, it also makes htmlentities/htmlspecialchars substitute
characters that appear literally in the argument string and which are not
allowed in the target document type with U+FFFD (UTF-8) or &#xFFFD;.
- The flag ENT_SUBSTITUTE was added. This flag makes invalid multibyte
sequences be replaced by U+FFFD (UTF-8) or &#FFFD; by htmlspecialchars and
htmlentities. It is an alternative to the default behavior, which just
returns an empty string and to ENT_IGNORE, which is a security risk. The
behavior follows the recommendations of Unicode Technical Report #36.
- htmlspecialchars_decode/html_entity_decode now decode &apos; if the document
type is ENT_XML1, ENT_XHTML, or ENT_HTML5.
- Charset detection with $charset == '' no longer turns to mbstring's
internal encoding defined through mb_internal_encoding(). Only the encoding
defined through the ini setting mbstring.internal_encoding is considered.
- number_format() no longer truncates multibyte decimal points and thousand
separators to the first byte.
- The third parameter ($matches) to preg_match_all() is now optional. If
omitted, the function will simply return the number of times the pattern was
matched in the subject and will have no other side effects.
- The second argument of scandir() now accepts SCANDIR_SORT_NONE (2) as a
possible value. This value results in scandir() performing no sorting: on
local filesystems, this allows files to be returned in native filesystem
order.
- stream_select() now preserves the keys of the passed array, be they numeric or
strings. This breaks code that iterated the resulting stream array using a
numeric index, but makes easier to identify which of the passed streams are
present in the result.
- stream_set_write_buffer() no longer disables the read buffer of a plain
stream when 0 is given as the second argument.
- stream_set_write_buffer() no longer changes the chunk size in socket streams.
- fclose() closes streams with resource refcount > 1; it doesn't merely
decrement the resource refcount.
- socket_set_options() and socket_get_options() now support multicast options.
- The raw data parameter in openssl_encrypt()/openssl_decrypt() is now an options
integer rather than a boolean. A value of true produces the same behaviour.
- Write operations within XSLT (for example with the extension sax:output) are
disabled by default. You can define what is forbidden with the method
XsltProcess::setSecurityPrefs($options).
- Added AES support to OpenSSL.
- openssl_csr_new() expects the textual data to be in UTF-8.
- Added no padding option to openssl_encrypt()/openssl_decrypt().
- Added a "no_ticket" SSL context option to disable the SessionTicket TLS
extension.
- Added new json_encode() options: JSON_PRETTY_PRINT, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES,
JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK, JSON_BIGINT_AS_STRING, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE.
- Added Tokyo Cabinet and Berkley DB 5 support to DBA extension.
- Added support for CURLOPT_MAX_SEND_SPEED_LARGE and CURLOPT_MAX_RECV_SPEED_LARGE
to cURL.
- Added optional argument to debug_backtrace() and debug_print_backtrace()
to limit the amount of stack frames returned.
- Fixed crypt_blowfish handling of 8-bit characters. crypt() in Blowfish mode now
supports hashes marked $2a$, $2x$, $2y$ and $2z$.
- mbstring now supports following encodings: Shift_JIS/UTF-8 Emoji,
JIS X0213:2004 (Shift_JIS-2004, EUC-JP-2004, ISO-2022-JP-2004),
MacJapanese (Shift_JIS), gb18030.
- Added encode/decode in hex format to mb_[en|de]code_numericentity().
- Added support for SORT_NATURAL and SORT_FLAG_CASE in array sort functions
(sort, rsort, ksort, krsort, asort, arsort and array_multisort).
- is_a() and is_subclass_of() now have third boolean parameter, which specifies
if the first argument can be a string class name. Default if false for is_a
and true for is_subclass_of() for BC reasons.
- ob_start() will now treat a chunk size of 1 as meaning 1 byte, rather than
the previous special case behaviour of treating it as 4096 bytes.
===================================
5. Changes made to existing methods
===================================
- DateTime::parseFromFormat() now has + modifier to allow trailing text in
the string to parse without throwing an error.
- Added the ability to pass options to DOMDocument::loadHTML().
- FilesystemIterator, GlobIterator and (Recursive)DirectoryIterator now use
the default stream context.
===================================
6. Changes made to existing classes
===================================
- Classes that implement stream wrappers can define a method called
stream_truncate that will respond to truncation, e.g. through ftruncate.
Strictly speaking, this is an addition to the user-space stream wrapper
template, not a change to an actual class.
- Classes that implement stream wrappers can define a method called stream_metadata that
will be called on touch(), chmod(), chgrp(), chown().
- Arrays cast from SimpleXMLElement now always contain all nodes instead of
just the first matching node.
- All SimpleXMLElement children are now always printed when using var_dump(),
var_export(), and print_r().
- Added iterator support in MySQLi. mysqli_result implements Traversable.
=============
7. Deprecated
=============
- get_magic_quotes_gpc()
- get_magic_quotes_runtime()
- mcrypt_generic_end()
- mysql_list_dbs()
==========
8. Removed
==========
a. removed features
- magic quotes
. remove magic_quotes_gpc, magic_quotes_runtime,
magic_quotes_sybase (calling ini_set('magic_....')
returns 0|false
. get_magic_quotes_gpc, get_magic_quotes_runtime are kept but
always return false
. set_magic_quotes_runtime raises an E_CORE_ERROR
- register_globals
- register_long_arrays
- Safe mode
- Session extension bug compatibility mode
- y2k_compliance mode
b. removed ini directives
- define_syslog_variables
- register_globals
- register_long_arrays
- safe_mode
- safe_mode_gid
- safe_mode_include_dir
- safe_mode_exec_dir
- safe_mode_allowed_env_vars
- safe_mode_protected_env_vars
- session.bug_compat42
- session.bug_compat_warn
- y2k_compliance
c. removed functions
- define_syslog_variables()
- import_request_variables()
- session_is_registered()
- session_register()
- session_unregister()
- mysqli_bind_param() (alias of mysqli_stmt_bind_param())
- mysqli_bind_result() (alias of mysqli_stmt_bind_result())
- mysqli_client_encoding() (alias of mysqli_character_set_name())
- mysqli_fetch() (alias of mysqli_stmt_fetch())
- mysqli_param_count() (alias of mysqli_stmt_param_count())
- mysqli_get_metadata() (alias of mysqli_stmt_result_metadata())
- mysqli_send_long_data() (alias of mysqli_stmt_send_long_data())
- mysqli::client_encoding() (alias of mysqli::character_set_name)
- mysqli_stmt::stmt() (never worked/always throws, undocumented)
d. removed syntax
- break $var;
- continue $var;
=============
9. Extensions
=============
a. no longer maintained
- ext/sqlite
b. with changed behaviour
- The MySQL extensions (ext/mysql, mysqli and PDO_mysql) use mysqlnd
as the default library now. It is still possible to use libmysql by
specifying a path to the configure options.
- PDO_mysql: Support for linking with MySQL client libraries older
than 4.1 is removed.
- The session extension now can hook into the file upload feature
in order to provide upload progress information through session
variables.
- SNMP extension
- Functions in SNMP extension now returns FALSE on every error
condition including SNMP-related (no such instance, end of MIB,
etc). Thus, in patricular, breaks previous behaviour of get/walk
functions returning an empty string on SNMP-related errors.
- Multi OID get/getnext/set queries are now supported.
- New constants added for use in snmp_set_oid_output_format()
function.
- Function snmp_set_valueretrieval() changed it's behaviour:
SNMP_VALUE_OBJECT can be combined with one of
SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN or SNMP_VALUE_LIBRARY resulting OID value
changes. When no SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN or SNMP_VALUE_LIBRARY
is supplied with SNMP_VALUE_OBJECT, SNMP_VALUE_LIBRARY is used.
Prior to 5.4.0 when no SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN or SNMP_VALUE_LIBRARY
was supplied with SNMP_VALUE_OBJECT, SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN was used.
- Added feature-rich OO API (SNMP class)
- Dropped UCD-SNMP compatibility code. Consider upgrading to
net-snmp v5.3+. Net-SNMP v5.4+ is required for Windows version.
- In sake of adding support for IPv6 DNS name resolution of
remote SNMP agent (peer) is done by extension now, not by Net-SNMP
library anymore.
- Date extension
- Setting the timezone with the TZ environment variable is no longer
supported, instead date.timezone and/or date_default_timezone_set()
have to be used.
- The extension will no longer guess the default timezone if none
is set with date.timezone and/or date_default_timezone_set().
Instead it will always fall back to "UTC".
==========================
10. Changes in SAPI support
==========================
- Added built-in CLI web server that is intended for testing purposes.
- The REQUEST_TIME value inside server now returns a floating point number
indicating the time with microsecond precision. All SAPIs providing this
value should be returning float and not time_t.
- apache_child_terminate(), getallheaders(), apache_request_headers()
and apache_response_headers() now supported on FastCGI.
- Added shortcut #inisetting=value to change ini settings at run-time.
- Changed shell not to terminate on fatal errors.
- Interactive shell works with shared readline extension.
- Added command line option --rz <name> which shows information of the
named Zend extension.
- PHP-FPM now supports syslog value for error_log.
=============================
11. Changes in INI directives
=============================
- Recommended production value for error_reporting changed to
E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT.
- Added session.upload_progress.enabled, session.upload_progress.cleanup,
session.upload_progress.prefix, session.upload_progress.name,
session.upload_progress.freq, session.upload_progress.min_freq.
- Added zend.multibyte directive as a replacement of PHP compile time
configuration option --enable-zend-multibyte. Now ZE always contains code for
multibyte support, but may enable or disable it by zend.multibyte. It doesn't
make a lot of sense to enable this option without ext/mbstring, because the
most functionality is implemented by mbstrings callbacks.
- Added enable_post_data_reading, which is enabled by default. When it's
disabled, the POST data is not read (and processed); the behavior is similar
to that of other request methods with body, like PUT. This allows reading the
raw POST data in multipart requests and read/process the POST data in a
stream fashion (through php://input), without having it copied in memory two/
three times.
- A new directive, called windows_show_crt_warning, has been introduced.
This directive shows the CRT warnings when enabled. These warnings were
displayed by default until now. It is disabled by default.
- Added cli.pager php.ini setting to set a pager for CLI output.
- Added cli.prompt php.ini setting to configure the CLI shell prompt.
- Added process.max to control the number of process FPM can fork.
====================
12. Syntax additions
====================
- Traits:
trait HelloWorld {
public function sayHello() {
echo 'Hello World!';
}
}
class CanIGetHello {
use HelloWorld;
}
$hello = new CanIGetHello();
$hello->sayHello();
- Function call result array access:
e.g.
foo()[0]
$foo->bar()[0]
- Callable typehint, argument must be callable (i.e. pass is_callable($arg, false))
example:
function foo(callable $do) {
}
foo("strcmp");
foo(function() {});
$o = new ArrayObject();
foo(array($o, "count"));
- Short array syntax:
$a = [1, 2, 3, 4];
$a = ['one' => 1, 'two' => 2, 'three' => 3, 'four' => 4];
$a = ['one' => 1, 2, 'three' => 3, 4];
- Binary number format:
0b00100 0b010101
- $str[1][0] where $str is a string is now a legal construct.
- Anonymous functions now support using $this and class scope.
Anonymous function can be declared as "static" to ignore the scope.
- Class::{expr}() syntax is now supported:
class A {
static function foo() {
echo "Hello world!\n";
}
}
$x = "f";
$y = "o";
A::{$x.$y.$y}();
- Class member access on instantiation:
(new foo)->method()
(new foo)->property
(new foo)[0]
===================
13. Windows support
===================
- is_link now works properly for symbolic links on Windows Vista
or later. Earlier systems do not support symbolic links.
===================
14. New in PHP 5.4:
===================
a. New functions
- Core:
- get_declared_traits()
- getimagesizefromstring()
- hex2bin()
- header_register_callback()
- http_response_code()
- stream_set_chunk_size()
- socket_import_stream()
- trait_exists()
- Intl:
- transliterator_create()
- transliterator_create_from_rules()
- transliterator_create_inverse()
- transliterator_get_error_code()
- transliterator_get_error_message()
- transliterator_list_ids()
- transliterator_transliterate()
- LDAP:
- ldap_control_paged_results()
- ldap_control_paged_results_response()
- libxml:
- libxml_set_external_entity_loader()
- mysqli:
- mysqli_error_list()
- mysqli_stmt_error_list()
- Session:
- session_register_shutdown()
- session_status()
- SPL
- class_uses()
b. New global constants
- CURLOPT_MAX_RECV_SPEED_LARGE
- CURLOPT_MAX_SEND_SPEED_LARGE
- ENT_DISALLOWED
- ENT_HTML401
- ENT_HTML5
- ENT_SUBSTITUTE
- ENT_XHTML
- ENT_XML1
- IPPROTO_IP
- IPPROTO_IPV6
- IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS
- IPV6_MULTICAST_IF
- IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP
- IP_MULTICAST_IF
- IP_MULTICAST_LOOP
- IP_MULTICAST_TTL
- JSON_BIGINT_AS_STRING
- JSON_OBJECT_AS_ARRAY
- JSON_PRETTY_PRINT
- JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES
- JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE
- LIBXML_HTML_NODEFDTD
- LIBXML_HTML_NOIMPLIED
- LIBXML_PEDANTIC
- MCAST_JOIN_GROUP
- MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP
- MCAST_BLOCK_SOURCE
- MCAST_UNBLOCK_SOURCE
- MCAST_JOIN_SOURCE_GROUP
- MCAST_LEAVE_SOURCE_GROUP
- OPENSSL_CIPHER_AES_128_CBC
- OPENSSL_CIPHER_AES_192_CBC
- OPENSSL_CIPHER_AES_256_CBC
- OPENSSL_RAW_DATA
- OPENSSL_ZERO_PADDING
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_CLEAN
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_CLEANABLE
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_DISABLED
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FINAL
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FLUSH
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_FLUSHABLE
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_REMOVABLE
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_STARTED
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_STDFLAGS
- PHP_OUTPUT_HANDLER_WRITE
- PHP_QUERY_RFC1738
- PHP_QUERY_RFC3986
- PHP_SESSION_ACTIVE
- PHP_SESSION_DISABLED
- PHP_SESSION_NONE
- SCANDIR_SORT_ASCENDING
- SCANDIR_SORT_DESCENDING
- SCANDIR_SORT_NONE
- SORT_FLAG_CASE
- SORT_NATURAL
- STREAM_META_ACCESS
- STREAM_META_GROUP
- STREAM_META_GROUP_NAME
- STREAM_META_OWNER
- STREAM_META_OWNER_NAME
- STREAM_META_TOUCH
- T_CALLABLE
- T_INSTEADOF
- T_TRAIT
- T_TRAIT_C
- ZLIB_ENCODING_DEFLATE
- ZLIB_ENCODING_GZIP
- ZLIB_ENCODING_RAW
c. New classes
- Reflection:
- ReflectionZendExtension
- Intl:
- Transliterator
- Spoofchecker
- JSON:
- JsonSerializable
- Session:
- SessionHandler
- SNMP:
- SNMP
- SPL:
- CallbackFilterIterator
- RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator
d. New methods
- Closure:
- Closure::bind()
- Closure::bindTo()
- Reflection:
- ReflectionClass::getTraitAliases()
- ReflectionClass::getTraitNames()
- ReflectionClass::getTraits()
- ReflectionClass::isCloneable()
- ReflectionClass::isTrait()
- ReflectionClass::newInstanceWithoutConstructor()
- ReflectionExtension::isPersistent()
- ReflectionExtension::isTemporary()
- ReflectionFunction::getClosure()
- ReflectionFunction::getClosureScopeClass()
- ReflectionFunction::getClosureThis()
- ReflectionFunctionAbstract::getClosureScopeClass()
- ReflectionFunctionAbstract::getClosureThis()
- ReflectionMethod::getClosure()
- ReflectionMethod::getClosureScopeClass()
- ReflectionMethod::getClosureThis()
- ReflectionObject::getTraitAliases()
- ReflectionObject::getTraitNames()
- ReflectionObject::getTraits()
- ReflectionObject::isCloneable()
- ReflectionObject::isTrait()
- ReflectionObject::newInstanceWithoutConstructor()
- ReflectionParameter::canBePassedByValue()
- ReflectionParameter::isCallable()
- PDO_dblib:
- PDO::newRowset()
- SPL:
- DirectoryIterator::getExtension()
- RegexIterator::getRegex()
- SplDoublyLinkedList::serialize()
- SplDoublyLinkedList::unserialize()
- SplFileInfo::getExtension()
- SplFileObject::fputcsv()
- SplObjectStorage::getHash()
- SplQueue::serialize
- SplQueue::unserialize
- SplStack::serialize
- SplStack::unserialize
- SplTempFileObject::fputcsv
- XSLT:
- XsltProcessor::setSecurityPrefs()
- XsltProcessor::getSecurityPrefs()
e. New class constants
- PDO:
- PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA
- PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CAPATH
- PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CERT
- PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CIPHER
- PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_KEY
f. New Hash algorithms
- fnv132
- fnv164
- joaat
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