php-src/ext/gd/libgd/gd_topal.c

/* 2.0.12: a new adaptation from the same original, this time
 * by Barend Gahrels. My attempt to incorporate alpha channel
 * into the result worked poorly and degraded the quality of
 * palette conversion even when the source contained no
 * alpha channel data. This version does not attempt to produce
 * an output file with transparency in some of the palette
 * indexes, which, in practice, doesn't look so hot anyway. TBB
 */

/*
 * gd_topal, adapted from jquant2.c
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1991-1996, Thomas G. Lane.
 * This file is part of the Independent JPEG Group's software.
 * For conditions of distribution and use, see the accompanying README file.
 *
 * This file contains 2-pass color quantization (color mapping) routines.
 * These routines provide selection of a custom color map for an image,
 * followed by mapping of the image to that color map, with optional
 * Floyd-Steinberg dithering.
 * It is also possible to use just the second pass to map to an arbitrary
 * externally-given color map.
 *
 * Note: ordered dithering is not supported, since there isn't any fast
 * way to compute intercolor distances; it's unclear that ordered dither's
 * fundamental assumptions even hold with an irregularly spaced color map.
 */

#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG

#define JPEG_INTERNALS

#include "jinclude.h"
#include "jpeglib.h"

#else

/*
 * THOMAS BOUTELL & BAREND GEHRELS, february 2003
 * adapted the code to work within gd rather than within libjpeg.
 * If it is not working, it's not Thomas G. Lane's fault.
 */

/*
 * SETTING THIS ONE CAUSES STRIPED IMAGE
 *  to be done: solve this
 * #define ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG_REVERSE_ODD_ROWS
 */

#include "gd.h"
#include "gdhelpers.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

/* (Re)define some defines known by libjpeg */
#define QUANT_2PASS_SUPPORTED

#define RGB_RED		0
#define RGB_GREEN	1
#define RGB_BLUE	2

#define JSAMPLE unsigned char
#define MAXJSAMPLE (gdMaxColors-1)
#define BITS_IN_JSAMPLE 8

#define JSAMPROW int*
#define JDIMENSION int

#define METHODDEF(type) static type
#define LOCAL(type)	static type


/* We assume that right shift corresponds to signed division by 2 with
 * rounding towards minus infinity.  This is correct for typical "arithmetic
 * shift" instructions that shift in copies of the sign bit.  But some
 * C compilers implement >> with an unsigned shift.  For these machines you
 * must define RIGHT_SHIFT_IS_UNSIGNED.
 * RIGHT_SHIFT provides a proper signed right shift of an INT32 quantity.
 * It is only applied with constant shift counts.  SHIFT_TEMPS must be
 * included in the variables of any routine using RIGHT_SHIFT.
 */

#ifdef RIGHT_SHIFT_IS_UNSIGNED
#define SHIFT_TEMPS	INT32 shift_temp;
#define RIGHT_SHIFT(x,shft)  \
	((shift_temp = (x)) < 0 ? \
	 (shift_temp >> (shft)) | ((~((INT32) 0)) << (32-(shft))) : \
	 (shift_temp >> (shft)))
#else
#define SHIFT_TEMPS
#define RIGHT_SHIFT(x,shft)	((x) >> (shft))
#endif


#define range_limit(x) { if(x<0) x=0; if (x>255) x=255; }


#ifndef INT16
#define INT16  short
#endif

#ifndef UINT16
#define UINT16 unsigned short
#endif

#ifndef INT32
#define INT32 int
#endif

#ifndef FAR
#define FAR
#endif

#ifndef boolean
#define boolean int
#endif

#ifndef TRUE
#define TRUE 1
#endif

#ifndef FALSE
#define FALSE 0
#endif

#define input_buf (im->tpixels)
#define output_buf (im->pixels)

#endif

#ifdef QUANT_2PASS_SUPPORTED


/*
 * This module implements the well-known Heckbert paradigm for color
 * quantization.  Most of the ideas used here can be traced back to
 * Heckbert's seminal paper
 *   Heckbert, Paul.  "Color Image Quantization for Frame Buffer Display",
 *   Proc. SIGGRAPH '82, Computer Graphics v.16 #3 (July 1982), pp 297-304.
 *
 * In the first pass over the image, we accumulate a histogram showing the
 * usage count of each possible color.  To keep the histogram to a reasonable
 * size, we reduce the precision of the input; typical practice is to retain
 * 5 or 6 bits per color, so that 8 or 4 different input values are counted
 * in the same histogram cell.
 *
 * Next, the color-selection step begins with a box representing the whole
 * color space, and repeatedly splits the "largest" remaining box until we
 * have as many boxes as desired colors.  Then the mean color in each
 * remaining box becomes one of the possible output colors.
 *
 * The second pass over the image maps each input pixel to the closest output
 * color (optionally after applying a Floyd-Steinberg dithering correction).
 * This mapping is logically trivial, but making it go fast enough requires
 * considerable care.
 *
 * Heckbert-style quantizers vary a good deal in their policies for choosing
 * the "largest" box and deciding where to cut it.  The particular policies
 * used here have proved out well in experimental comparisons, but better ones
 * may yet be found.
 *
 * In earlier versions of the IJG code, this module quantized in YCbCr color
 * space, processing the raw upsampled data without a color conversion step.
 * This allowed the color conversion math to be done only once per colormap
 * entry, not once per pixel.  However, that optimization precluded other
 * useful optimizations (such as merging color conversion with upsampling)
 * and it also interfered with desired capabilities such as quantizing to an
 * externally-supplied colormap.  We have therefore abandoned that approach.
 * The present code works in the post-conversion color space, typically RGB.
 *
 * To improve the visual quality of the results, we actually work in scaled
 * RGB space, giving G distances more weight than R, and R in turn more than
 * B.  To do everything in integer math, we must use integer scale factors.
 * The 2/3/1 scale factors used here correspond loosely to the relative
 * weights of the colors in the NTSC grayscale equation.
 * If you want to use this code to quantize a non-RGB color space, you'll
 * probably need to change these scale factors.
 */

#define R_SCALE 2		/* scale R distances by this much */
#define G_SCALE 3		/* scale G distances by this much */
#define B_SCALE 1		/* and B by this much */

/* Relabel R/G/B as components 0/1/2, respecting the RGB ordering defined
 * in jmorecfg.h.  As the code stands, it will do the right thing for R,G,B
 * and B,G,R orders.  If you define some other weird order in jmorecfg.h,
 * you'll get compile errors until you extend this logic.  In that case
 * you'll probably want to tweak the histogram sizes too.
 */

#if RGB_RED == 0
#define C0_SCALE R_SCALE
#endif
#if RGB_BLUE == 0
#define C0_SCALE B_SCALE
#endif
#if RGB_GREEN == 1
#define C1_SCALE G_SCALE
#endif
#if RGB_RED == 2
#define C2_SCALE R_SCALE
#endif
#if RGB_BLUE == 2
#define C2_SCALE B_SCALE
#endif


/*
 * First we have the histogram data structure and routines for creating it.
 *
 * The number of bits of precision can be adjusted by changing these symbols.
 * We recommend keeping 6 bits for G and 5 each for R and B.
 * If you have plenty of memory and cycles, 6 bits all around gives marginally
 * better results; if you are short of memory, 5 bits all around will save
 * some space but degrade the results.
 * To maintain a fully accurate histogram, we'd need to allocate a "long"
 * (preferably unsigned long) for each cell.  In practice this is overkill;
 * we can get by with 16 bits per cell.  Few of the cell counts will overflow,
 * and clamping those that do overflow to the maximum value will give close-
 * enough results.  This reduces the recommended histogram size from 256Kb
 * to 128Kb, which is a useful savings on PC-class machines.
 * (In the second pass the histogram space is re-used for pixel mapping data;
 * in that capacity, each cell must be able to store zero to the number of
 * desired colors.  16 bits/cell is plenty for that too.)
 * Since the JPEG code is intended to run in small memory model on 80x86
 * machines, we can't just allocate the histogram in one chunk.  Instead
 * of a true 3-D array, we use a row of pointers to 2-D arrays.  Each
 * pointer corresponds to a C0 value (typically 2^5 = 32 pointers) and
 * each 2-D array has 2^6*2^5 = 2048 or 2^6*2^6 = 4096 entries.  Note that
 * on 80x86 machines, the pointer row is in near memory but the actual
 * arrays are in far memory (same arrangement as we use for image arrays).
 */

#define MAXNUMCOLORS  (MAXJSAMPLE+1)	/* maximum size of colormap */

/* These will do the right thing for either R,G,B or B,G,R color order,
 * but you may not like the results for other color orders.
 */
#define HIST_C0_BITS  5		/* bits of precision in R/B histogram */
#define HIST_C1_BITS  6		/* bits of precision in G histogram */
#define HIST_C2_BITS  5		/* bits of precision in B/R histogram */

/* Number of elements along histogram axes. */
#define HIST_C0_ELEMS  (1<<HIST_C0_BITS)
#define HIST_C1_ELEMS  (1<<HIST_C1_BITS)
#define HIST_C2_ELEMS  (1<<HIST_C2_BITS)

/* These are the amounts to shift an input value to get a histogram index. */
#define C0_SHIFT  (BITS_IN_JSAMPLE-HIST_C0_BITS)
#define C1_SHIFT  (BITS_IN_JSAMPLE-HIST_C1_BITS)
#define C2_SHIFT  (BITS_IN_JSAMPLE-HIST_C2_BITS)


typedef UINT16 histcell;	/* histogram cell; prefer an unsigned type */

typedef histcell FAR *histptr;	/* for pointers to histogram cells */

typedef histcell hist1d[HIST_C2_ELEMS];	/* typedefs for the array */
typedef hist1d FAR *hist2d;	/* type for the 2nd-level pointers */
typedef hist2d *hist3d;		/* type for top-level pointer */


/* Declarations for Floyd-Steinberg dithering.
 *
 * Errors are accumulated into the array fserrors[], at a resolution of
 * 1/16th of a pixel count.  The error at a given pixel is propagated
 * to its not-yet-processed neighbors using the standard F-S fractions,
 *		...	(here)	7/16
 *		3/16	5/16	1/16
 * We work left-to-right on even rows, right-to-left on odd rows.
 *
 * We can get away with a single array (holding one row's worth of errors)
 * by using it to store the current row's errors at pixel columns not yet
 * processed, but the next row's errors at columns already processed.  We
 * need only a few extra variables to hold the errors immediately around the
 * current column.  (If we are lucky, those variables are in registers, but
 * even if not, they're probably cheaper to access than array elements are.)
 *
 * The fserrors[] array has (#columns + 2) entries; the extra entry at
 * each end saves us from special-casing the first and last pixels.
 * Each entry is three values long, one value for each color component.
 *
 * Note: on a wide image, we might not have enough room in a PC's near data
 * segment to hold the error array; so it is allocated with alloc_large.
 */

#if BITS_IN_JSAMPLE == 8
typedef INT16 FSERROR;		/* 16 bits should be enough */
typedef int LOCFSERROR;		/* use 'int' for calculation temps */
#else
typedef INT32 FSERROR;		/* may need more than 16 bits */
typedef INT32 LOCFSERROR;	/* be sure calculation temps are big enough */
#endif

typedef FSERROR FAR *FSERRPTR;	/* pointer to error array (in FAR storage!) */

/* Private subobject */

typedef struct
{
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	struct jpeg_color_quantizer pub;	/* public fields */

	/* Space for the eventually created colormap is stashed here */
	JSAMPARRAY sv_colormap;	/* colormap allocated at init time */
	int desired;		/* desired # of colors = size of colormap */
	boolean needs_zeroed;	/* TRUE if next pass must zero histogram */
#endif

	  /* Variables for accumulating image statistics */
	hist3d histogram;	/* pointer to the histogram */


	/* Variables for Floyd-Steinberg dithering */
	FSERRPTR fserrors;	/* accumulated errors */

	boolean on_odd_row;	/* flag to remember which row we are on */
	int *error_limiter;	/* table for clamping the applied error */
#ifndef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	int *error_limiter_storage;	/* gdMalloc'd storage for the above */
#endif
} my_cquantizer;

typedef my_cquantizer *my_cquantize_ptr;


/*
 * Prescan some rows of pixels.
 * In this module the prescan simply updates the histogram, which has been
 * initialized to zeroes by start_pass.
 * An output_buf parameter is required by the method signature, but no data
 * is actually output (in fact the buffer controller is probably passing a
 * NULL pointer).
 */

METHODDEF (void)
#ifndef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
prescan_quantize (gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize)
{
#else
prescan_quantize (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, JSAMPARRAY input_buf, JSAMPARRAY output_buf, int num_rows)
{
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;
#endif
	register JSAMPROW ptr;
	register histptr histp;
	register hist3d histogram = cquantize->histogram;
	int row;
	JDIMENSION col;
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	JDIMENSION width = cinfo->output_width;
#else
	int width = im->sx;
	int num_rows = im->sy;
#endif

	for (row = 0; row < num_rows; row++) {
		ptr = input_buf[row];
		for (col = width; col > 0; col--) {
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
			int r = GETJSAMPLE(ptr[0]) >> C0_SHIFT;
			int g = GETJSAMPLE(ptr[1]) >> C1_SHIFT;
			int b = GETJSAMPLE(ptr[2]) >> C2_SHIFT;
#else
			int r = gdTrueColorGetRed(*ptr) >> C0_SHIFT;
			int g = gdTrueColorGetGreen(*ptr) >> C1_SHIFT;
			int b = gdTrueColorGetBlue(*ptr) >> C2_SHIFT;
			/* 2.0.12: Steven Brown: support a single totally transparent color in the original. */
			if ((im->transparent >= 0) && (*ptr == im->transparent)) {
				ptr++;
				continue;
			}
#endif
			/* get pixel value and index into the histogram */
			histp = &histogram[r][g][b];
			/* increment, check for overflow and undo increment if so. */
			if (++(*histp) == 0) {
				(*histp)--;
			}
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
			ptr += 3;
#else
			ptr++;
#endif
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Next we have the really interesting routines: selection of a colormap
 * given the completed histogram.
 * These routines work with a list of "boxes", each representing a rectangular
 * subset of the input color space (to histogram precision).
 */

typedef struct
{
	/* The bounds of the box (inclusive); expressed as histogram indexes */
	int c0min, c0max;
	int c1min, c1max;
	int c2min, c2max;
	/* The volume (actually 2-norm) of the box */
	INT32 volume;
	/* The number of nonzero histogram cells within this box */
	long colorcount;
} box;

typedef box *boxptr;

LOCAL (boxptr) find_biggest_color_pop (boxptr boxlist, int numboxes)
/* Find the splittable box with the largest color population */
/* Returns NULL if no splittable boxes remain */
{
	register boxptr boxp;
	register int i;
	register long maxc = 0;
	boxptr which = NULL;

	for (i = 0, boxp = boxlist; i < numboxes; i++, boxp++) {
		if (boxp->colorcount > maxc && boxp->volume > 0) {
			which = boxp;
			maxc = boxp->colorcount;
		}
	}

	return which;
}


LOCAL (boxptr) find_biggest_volume (boxptr boxlist, int numboxes)
/* Find the splittable box with the largest (scaled) volume */
/* Returns NULL if no splittable boxes remain */
{
	register boxptr boxp;
	register int i;
	register INT32 maxv = 0;
	boxptr which = NULL;

	for (i = 0, boxp = boxlist; i < numboxes; i++, boxp++) {
		if (boxp->volume > maxv) {
			which = boxp;
			maxv = boxp->volume;
		}
	}

	return which;
}


LOCAL (void)
#ifndef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
  update_box (gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize, boxptr boxp)
{
#else
  update_box (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, boxptr boxp)
/* Shrink the min/max bounds of a box to enclose only nonzero elements, */
/* and recompute its volume and population */
{
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;
#endif
	hist3d histogram = cquantize->histogram;
	histptr histp;
	int c0, c1, c2;
	int c0min, c0max, c1min, c1max, c2min, c2max;
	INT32 dist0, dist1, dist2;
	long ccount;

	c0min = boxp->c0min;
	c0max = boxp->c0max;
	c1min = boxp->c1min;
	c1max = boxp->c1max;
	c2min = boxp->c2min;
	c2max = boxp->c2max;

	if (c0max > c0min) {
		for (c0 = c0min; c0 <= c0max; c0++) {
			for (c1 = c1min; c1 <= c1max; c1++) {
				histp = &histogram[c0][c1][c2min];
				for (c2 = c2min; c2 <= c2max; c2++) {
					if (*histp++ != 0) {
						boxp->c0min = c0min = c0;
						goto have_c0min;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
have_c0min:
	if (c0max > c0min) {
		for (c0 = c0max; c0 >= c0min; c0--) {
			for (c1 = c1min; c1 <= c1max; c1++) {
				histp = &histogram[c0][c1][c2min];
				for (c2 = c2min; c2 <= c2max; c2++) {
					if (*histp++ != 0) {
						boxp->c0max = c0max = c0;
						goto have_c0max;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
have_c0max:
	if (c1max > c1min) {
		for (c1 = c1min; c1 <= c1max; c1++) {
			for (c0 = c0min; c0 <= c0max; c0++) {
				histp = &histogram[c0][c1][c2min];
				for (c2 = c2min; c2 <= c2max; c2++) {
					if (*histp++ != 0) {
						boxp->c1min = c1min = c1;
						goto have_c1min;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
have_c1min:
	if (c1max > c1min) {
		for (c1 = c1max; c1 >= c1min; c1--) {
			for (c0 = c0min; c0 <= c0max; c0++) {
				histp = &histogram[c0][c1][c2min];
				for (c2 = c2min; c2 <= c2max; c2++) {
					if (*histp++ != 0) {
						boxp->c1max = c1max = c1;
						goto have_c1max;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
have_c1max:
	if (c2max > c2min) {
		for (c2 = c2min; c2 <= c2max; c2++) {
			for (c0 = c0min; c0 <= c0max; c0++) {
				histp = &histogram[c0][c1min][c2];
				for (c1 = c1min; c1 <= c1max; c1++, histp += HIST_C2_ELEMS) {
					if (*histp != 0) {
						boxp->c2min = c2min = c2;
						goto have_c2min;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
have_c2min:
	if (c2max > c2min) {
		for (c2 = c2max; c2 >= c2min; c2--) {
			for (c0 = c0min; c0 <= c0max; c0++) {
				histp = &histogram[c0][c1min][c2];
				for (c1 = c1min; c1 <= c1max; c1++, histp += HIST_C2_ELEMS) {
					if (*histp != 0) {
						boxp->c2max = c2max = c2;
						goto have_c2max;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
have_c2max:

	/* Update box volume.
	 * We use 2-norm rather than real volume here; this biases the method
	 * against making long narrow boxes, and it has the side benefit that
	 * a box is splittable iff norm > 0.
	 * Since the differences are expressed in histogram-cell units,
	 * we have to shift back to JSAMPLE units to get consistent distances;
	 * after which, we scale according to the selected distance scale factors.
	 */
	dist0 = ((c0max - c0min) << C0_SHIFT) * C0_SCALE;
	dist1 = ((c1max - c1min) << C1_SHIFT) * C1_SCALE;
	dist2 = ((c2max - c2min) << C2_SHIFT) * C2_SCALE;
	boxp->volume = dist0 * dist0 + dist1 * dist1 + dist2 * dist2;

	/* Now scan remaining volume of box and compute population */
	ccount = 0;
	for (c0 = c0min; c0 <= c0max; c0++) {
		for (c1 = c1min; c1 <= c1max; c1++) {
			histp = &histogram[c0][c1][c2min];
			for (c2 = c2min; c2 <= c2max; c2++, histp++) {
				if (*histp != 0) {
					ccount++;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	boxp->colorcount = ccount;
}


LOCAL (int)
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
median_cut (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, boxptr boxlist, int numboxes, int desired_colors)
#else
median_cut (gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize, boxptr boxlist, int numboxes, int desired_colors)
#endif
/* Repeatedly select and split the largest box until we have enough boxes */
{
	int n, lb;
	int c0, c1, c2, cmax;
	register boxptr b1, b2;

	while (numboxes < desired_colors) {
		/* Select box to split.
		 * Current algorithm: by population for first half, then by volume.
		 */
		if (numboxes * 2 <= desired_colors) {
			b1 = find_biggest_color_pop(boxlist, numboxes);
		} else {
			b1 = find_biggest_volume(boxlist, numboxes);
		}
		if (b1 == NULL) { /* no splittable boxes left! */
			break;
		}
		b2 = &boxlist[numboxes];	/* where new box will go */
		/* Copy the color bounds to the new box. */
		b2->c0max = b1->c0max;
		b2->c1max = b1->c1max;
		b2->c2max = b1->c2max;
		b2->c0min = b1->c0min;
		b2->c1min = b1->c1min;
		b2->c2min = b1->c2min;
		/* Choose which axis to split the box on.
		 * Current algorithm: longest scaled axis.
		 * See notes in update_box about scaling distances.
		 */
		c0 = ((b1->c0max - b1->c0min) << C0_SHIFT) * C0_SCALE;
		c1 = ((b1->c1max - b1->c1min) << C1_SHIFT) * C1_SCALE;
		c2 = ((b1->c2max - b1->c2min) << C2_SHIFT) * C2_SCALE;
		/* We want to break any ties in favor of green, then red, blue last.
		 * This code does the right thing for R,G,B or B,G,R color orders only.
		 */
#if RGB_RED == 0
		cmax = c1;
		n = 1;
		if (c0 > cmax) {
			cmax = c0;
			n = 0;
		}
		if (c2 > cmax) {
			n = 2;
		}
#else
		cmax = c1;
		n = 1;
		if (c2 > cmax) {
			cmax = c2;
			n = 2;
		}
		if (c0 > cmax) {
			n = 0;
		}
#endif
		/* Choose split point along selected axis, and update box bounds.
		 * Current algorithm: split at halfway point.
		 * (Since the box has been shrunk to minimum volume,
		 * any split will produce two nonempty subboxes.)
		 * Note that lb value is max for lower box, so must be < old max.
		 */
		switch (n) {
			case 0:
				lb = (b1->c0max + b1->c0min) / 2;
				b1->c0max = lb;
				b2->c0min = lb + 1;
				break;
			case 1:
				lb = (b1->c1max + b1->c1min) / 2;
				b1->c1max = lb;
				b2->c1min = lb + 1;
				break;
			case 2:
				lb = (b1->c2max + b1->c2min) / 2;
				b1->c2max = lb;
				b2->c2min = lb + 1;
				break;
		}
			/* Update stats for boxes */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
		update_box(cinfo, b1);
		update_box(cinfo, b2);
#else
		update_box(im, cquantize, b1);
		update_box(im, cquantize, b2);
#endif
		numboxes++;
	}

	return numboxes;
}


LOCAL (void)
#ifndef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
 compute_color (gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize, boxptr boxp, int icolor)
{
#else
 compute_color (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, boxptr boxp, int icolor)
/* Compute representative color for a box, put it in colormap[icolor] */
{
	/* Current algorithm: mean weighted by pixels (not colors) */
	/* Note it is important to get the rounding correct! */
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;
#endif
	hist3d histogram = cquantize->histogram;
	histptr histp;
	int c0, c1, c2;
	int c0min, c0max, c1min, c1max, c2min, c2max;
	long count = 0;
	long total = 0;
	long c0total = 0;
	long c1total = 0;
	long c2total = 0;

	c0min = boxp->c0min;
	c0max = boxp->c0max;
	c1min = boxp->c1min;
	c1max = boxp->c1max;
	c2min = boxp->c2min;
	c2max = boxp->c2max;

	for (c0 = c0min; c0 <= c0max; c0++) {
		for (c1 = c1min; c1 <= c1max; c1++) {
			histp = &histogram[c0][c1][c2min];
			for (c2 = c2min; c2 <= c2max; c2++) {
				if ((count = *histp++) != 0) {
					total += count;
					c0total += ((c0 << C0_SHIFT) + ((1 << C0_SHIFT) >> 1)) * count;
					c1total += ((c1 << C1_SHIFT) + ((1 << C1_SHIFT) >> 1)) * count;
					c2total += ((c2 << C2_SHIFT) + ((1 << C2_SHIFT) >> 1)) * count;
				}
			}
		}
	}

#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	cinfo->colormap[0][icolor] = (JSAMPLE) ((c0total + (total >> 1)) / total);
	cinfo->colormap[1][icolor] = (JSAMPLE) ((c1total + (total >> 1)) / total);
	cinfo->colormap[2][icolor] = (JSAMPLE) ((c2total + (total >> 1)) / total);
#else
	/* 2.0.16: Paul den Dulk found an occasion where total can be 0 */
	if (count) {
		im->red[icolor] = (int) ((c0total + (total >> 1)) / total);
		im->green[icolor] = (int) ((c1total + (total >> 1)) / total);
		im->blue[icolor] = (int) ((c2total + (total >> 1)) / total);
	} else {
		im->red[icolor] = 255;
		im->green[icolor] = 255;
		im->blue[icolor] = 255;
	}
#endif
}


LOCAL (void)
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
select_colors (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, int desired_colors)
#else
select_colors (gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize, int desired_colors)
#endif
/* Master routine for color selection */
{
	boxptr boxlist;
	int numboxes;
	int i;

	/* Allocate workspace for box list */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	boxlist = (boxptr) (*cinfo->mem->alloc_small) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, desired_colors * SIZEOF (box));
#else
	boxlist = (boxptr) safe_emalloc(desired_colors, sizeof(box), 1);
#endif
	/* Initialize one box containing whole space */
	numboxes = 1;
	boxlist[0].c0min = 0;
	boxlist[0].c0max = MAXJSAMPLE >> C0_SHIFT;
	boxlist[0].c1min = 0;
	boxlist[0].c1max = MAXJSAMPLE >> C1_SHIFT;
	boxlist[0].c2min = 0;
	boxlist[0].c2max = MAXJSAMPLE >> C2_SHIFT;
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	/* Shrink it to actually-used volume and set its statistics */
	update_box(cinfo, &boxlist[0]);
	/* Perform median-cut to produce final box list */
	numboxes = median_cut(cinfo, boxlist, numboxes, desired_colors);
	/* Compute the representative color for each box, fill colormap */
	for (i = 0; i < numboxes; i++) {
		compute_color(cinfo, &boxlist[i], i);
	}
	cinfo->actual_number_of_colors = numboxes;
	TRACEMS1(cinfo, 1, JTRC_QUANT_SELECTED, numboxes);
#else
	/* Shrink it to actually-used volume and set its statistics */
	update_box(im, cquantize, &boxlist[0]);
	/* Perform median-cut to produce final box list */
	numboxes = median_cut(im, cquantize, boxlist, numboxes, desired_colors);
	/* Compute the representative color for each box, fill colormap */
	for (i = 0; i < numboxes; i++) {
		compute_color(im, cquantize, &boxlist[i], i);
	}
	im->colorsTotal = numboxes;

	/* If we had a pure transparency color, add it as the last palette entry.
	 * Skip incrementing the color count so that the dither / matching phase
	 * won't use it on pixels that shouldn't have been transparent.	We'll
	 * increment it after all that finishes.
	 */
	if (im->transparent >= 0) {
		/* Save the transparent color. */
		im->red[im->colorsTotal] = gdTrueColorGetRed(im->transparent);
		im->green[im->colorsTotal] = gdTrueColorGetGreen(im->transparent);
		im->blue[im->colorsTotal] = gdTrueColorGetBlue(im->transparent);
		im->alpha[im->colorsTotal] = gdAlphaTransparent;
		im->open[im->colorsTotal] = 0;
	}

	gdFree(boxlist);
#endif
}


/*
 * These routines are concerned with the time-critical task of mapping input
 * colors to the nearest color in the selected colormap.
 *
 * We re-use the histogram space as an "inverse color map", essentially a
 * cache for the results of nearest-color searches.  All colors within a
 * histogram cell will be mapped to the same colormap entry, namely the one
 * closest to the cell's center.  This may not be quite the closest entry to
 * the actual input color, but it's almost as good.  A zero in the cache
 * indicates we haven't found the nearest color for that cell yet; the array
 * is cleared to zeroes before starting the mapping pass.  When we find the
 * nearest color for a cell, its colormap index plus one is recorded in the
 * cache for future use.  The pass2 scanning routines call fill_inverse_cmap
 * when they need to use an unfilled entry in the cache.
 *
 * Our method of efficiently finding nearest colors is based on the "locally
 * sorted search" idea described by Heckbert and on the incremental distance
 * calculation described by Spencer W. Thomas in chapter III.1 of Graphics
 * Gems II (James Arvo, ed.  Academic Press, 1991).  Thomas points out that
 * the distances from a given colormap entry to each cell of the histogram can
 * be computed quickly using an incremental method: the differences between
 * distances to adjacent cells themselves differ by a constant.  This allows a
 * fairly fast implementation of the "brute force" approach of computing the
 * distance from every colormap entry to every histogram cell.  Unfortunately,
 * it needs a work array to hold the best-distance-so-far for each histogram
 * cell (because the inner loop has to be over cells, not colormap entries).
 * The work array elements have to be INT32s, so the work array would need
 * 256Kb at our recommended precision.  This is not feasible in DOS machines.
 *
 * To get around these problems, we apply Thomas' method to compute the
 * nearest colors for only the cells within a small subbox of the histogram.
 * The work array need be only as big as the subbox, so the memory usage
 * problem is solved.  Furthermore, we need not fill subboxes that are never
 * referenced in pass2; many images use only part of the color gamut, so a
 * fair amount of work is saved.  An additional advantage of this
 * approach is that we can apply Heckbert's locality criterion to quickly
 * eliminate colormap entries that are far away from the subbox; typically
 * three-fourths of the colormap entries are rejected by Heckbert's criterion,
 * and we need not compute their distances to individual cells in the subbox.
 * The speed of this approach is heavily influenced by the subbox size: too
 * small means too much overhead, too big loses because Heckbert's criterion
 * can't eliminate as many colormap entries.  Empirically the best subbox
 * size seems to be about 1/512th of the histogram (1/8th in each direction).
 *
 * Thomas' article also describes a refined method which is asymptotically
 * faster than the brute-force method, but it is also far more complex and
 * cannot efficiently be applied to small subboxes.  It is therefore not
 * useful for programs intended to be portable to DOS machines.  On machines
 * with plenty of memory, filling the whole histogram in one shot with Thomas'
 * refined method might be faster than the present code --- but then again,
 * it might not be any faster, and it's certainly more complicated.
 */


/* log2(histogram cells in update box) for each axis; this can be adjusted */
#define BOX_C0_LOG  (HIST_C0_BITS-3)
#define BOX_C1_LOG  (HIST_C1_BITS-3)
#define BOX_C2_LOG  (HIST_C2_BITS-3)

#define BOX_C0_ELEMS  (1<<BOX_C0_LOG)	/* # of hist cells in update box */
#define BOX_C1_ELEMS  (1<<BOX_C1_LOG)
#define BOX_C2_ELEMS  (1<<BOX_C2_LOG)

#define BOX_C0_SHIFT  (C0_SHIFT + BOX_C0_LOG)
#define BOX_C1_SHIFT  (C1_SHIFT + BOX_C1_LOG)
#define BOX_C2_SHIFT  (C2_SHIFT + BOX_C2_LOG)


/*
 * The next three routines implement inverse colormap filling.  They could
 * all be folded into one big routine, but splitting them up this way saves
 * some stack space (the mindist[] and bestdist[] arrays need not coexist)
 * and may allow some compilers to produce better code by registerizing more
 * inner-loop variables.
 */

LOCAL (int)
find_nearby_colors (
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	j_decompress_ptr cinfo,
#else
	gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize,
#endif
	int minc0, int minc1, int minc2, JSAMPLE colorlist[])
/* Locate the colormap entries close enough to an update box to be candidates
 * for the nearest entry to some cell(s) in the update box.  The update box
 * is specified by the center coordinates of its first cell.  The number of
 * candidate colormap entries is returned, and their colormap indexes are
 * placed in colorlist[].
 * This routine uses Heckbert's "locally sorted search" criterion to select
 * the colors that need further consideration.
 */
{
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	int numcolors = cinfo->actual_number_of_colors;
#else
	int numcolors = im->colorsTotal;
#endif
	int maxc0, maxc1, maxc2;
	int centerc0, centerc1, centerc2;
	int i, x, ncolors;
	INT32 minmaxdist, min_dist, max_dist, tdist;
	INT32 mindist[MAXNUMCOLORS];	/* min distance to colormap entry i */

	/* Compute true coordinates of update box's upper corner and center.
	 * Actually we compute the coordinates of the center of the upper-corner
	 * histogram cell, which are the upper bounds of the volume we care about.
	 * Note that since ">>" rounds down, the "center" values may be closer to
	 * min than to max; hence comparisons to them must be "<=", not "<".
	 */
	maxc0 = minc0 + ((1 << BOX_C0_SHIFT) - (1 << C0_SHIFT));
	centerc0 = (minc0 + maxc0) >> 1;
	maxc1 = minc1 + ((1 << BOX_C1_SHIFT) - (1 << C1_SHIFT));
	centerc1 = (minc1 + maxc1) >> 1;
	maxc2 = minc2 + ((1 << BOX_C2_SHIFT) - (1 << C2_SHIFT));
	centerc2 = (minc2 + maxc2) >> 1;

	/* For each color in colormap, find:
	 *  1. its minimum squared-distance to any point in the update box
	 *     (zero if color is within update box);
	 *  2. its maximum squared-distance to any point in the update box.
	 * Both of these can be found by considering only the corners of the box.
	 * We save the minimum distance for each color in mindist[];
	 * only the smallest maximum distance is of interest.
	 */
	minmaxdist = 0x7FFFFFFFL;

	for (i = 0; i < numcolors; i++) {
		/* We compute the squared-c0-distance term, then add in the other two. */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
		x = GETJSAMPLE(cinfo->colormap[0][i]);
#else
		x = im->red[i];
#endif
		if (x < minc0) {
			tdist = (x - minc0) * C0_SCALE;
			min_dist = tdist * tdist;
			tdist = (x - maxc0) * C0_SCALE;
			max_dist = tdist * tdist;
		} else if (x > maxc0) {
			tdist = (x - maxc0) * C0_SCALE;
			min_dist = tdist * tdist;
			tdist = (x - minc0) * C0_SCALE;
			max_dist = tdist * tdist;
		} else {
			/* within cell range so no contribution to min_dist */
			min_dist = 0;
			if (x <= centerc0) {
				tdist = (x - maxc0) * C0_SCALE;
				max_dist = tdist * tdist;
			} else {
				tdist = (x - minc0) * C0_SCALE;
				max_dist = tdist * tdist;
			}
		}

#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
		x = GETJSAMPLE(cinfo->colormap[1][i]);
#else
		x = im->green[i];
#endif
		if (x < minc1) {
			tdist = (x - minc1) * C1_SCALE;
			min_dist += tdist * tdist;
			tdist = (x - maxc1) * C1_SCALE;
			max_dist += tdist * tdist;
		} else if (x > maxc1) {
			tdist = (x - maxc1) * C1_SCALE;
			min_dist += tdist * tdist;
			tdist = (x - minc1) * C1_SCALE;
			max_dist += tdist * tdist;
		} else {
			/* within cell range so no contribution to min_dist */
			if (x <= centerc1) {
				tdist = (x - maxc1) * C1_SCALE;
				max_dist += tdist * tdist;
			} else {
				tdist = (x - minc1) * C1_SCALE;
				max_dist += tdist * tdist;
			}
		}

#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
		x = GETJSAMPLE (cinfo->colormap[2][i]);
#else
		x = im->blue[i];
#endif
		if (x < minc2) {
			tdist = (x - minc2) * C2_SCALE;
			min_dist += tdist * tdist;
			tdist = (x - maxc2) * C2_SCALE;
			max_dist += tdist * tdist;
		} else if (x > maxc2) {
			tdist = (x - maxc2) * C2_SCALE;
			min_dist += tdist * tdist;
			tdist = (x - minc2) * C2_SCALE;
			max_dist += tdist * tdist;
		} else {
			/* within cell range so no contribution to min_dist */
			if (x <= centerc2) {
				tdist = (x - maxc2) * C2_SCALE;
				max_dist += tdist * tdist;
			} else {
				tdist = (x - minc2) * C2_SCALE;
				max_dist += tdist * tdist;
			}
		}

		mindist[i] = min_dist;	/* save away the results */
		if (max_dist < minmaxdist)
		minmaxdist = max_dist;
	}

	/* Now we know that no cell in the update box is more than minmaxdist
	 * away from some colormap entry.	Therefore, only colors that are
	 * within minmaxdist of some part of the box need be considered.
	 */
	ncolors = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < numcolors; i++) {
		if (mindist[i] <= minmaxdist) {
			colorlist[ncolors++] = (JSAMPLE) i;
		}
	}
	return ncolors;
}


LOCAL (void) find_best_colors (
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	j_decompress_ptr cinfo,
#else
	gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize,
#endif
	int minc0, int minc1, int minc2,
	int numcolors, JSAMPLE colorlist[],
	JSAMPLE bestcolor[])
/* Find the closest colormap entry for each cell in the update box,
 * given the list of candidate colors prepared by find_nearby_colors.
 * Return the indexes of the closest entries in the bestcolor[] array.
 * This routine uses Thomas' incremental distance calculation method to
 * find the distance from a colormap entry to successive cells in the box.
 */
{
	int ic0, ic1, ic2;
	int i, icolor;
	register INT32 *bptr;		/* pointer into bestdist[] array */
	JSAMPLE *cptr;		/* pointer into bestcolor[] array */
	INT32 dist0, dist1;		/* initial distance values */
	register INT32 dist2;		/* current distance in inner loop */
	INT32 xx0, xx1;		/* distance increments */
	register INT32 xx2;
	INT32 inc0, inc1, inc2;	/* initial values for increments */
	/* This array holds the distance to the nearest-so-far color for each cell */
	INT32 bestdist[BOX_C0_ELEMS * BOX_C1_ELEMS * BOX_C2_ELEMS];

	/* Initialize best-distance for each cell of the update box */
	bptr = bestdist;
	for (i = BOX_C0_ELEMS * BOX_C1_ELEMS * BOX_C2_ELEMS - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
		*bptr++ = 0x7FFFFFFFL;
	}

	/* For each color selected by find_nearby_colors,
	 * compute its distance to the center of each cell in the box.
	 * If that's less than best-so-far, update best distance and color number.
	 */

	/* Nominal steps between cell centers ("x" in Thomas article) */
#define STEP_C0	((1 << C0_SHIFT) * C0_SCALE)
#define STEP_C1	((1 << C1_SHIFT) * C1_SCALE)
#define STEP_C2	((1 << C2_SHIFT) * C2_SCALE)

	for (i = 0; i < numcolors; i++) {
		int r, g, b;
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
		icolor = GETJSAMPLE(colorlist[i]);
		r = GETJSAMPLE(cinfo->colormap[0][icolor]);
		g = GETJSAMPLE(cinfo->colormap[1][icolor]);
		b = GETJSAMPLE(cinfo->colormap[2][icolor]);
#else
		icolor = colorlist[i];
		r = im->red[icolor];
		g = im->green[icolor];
		b = im->blue[icolor];
#endif

		/* Compute (square of) distance from minc0/c1/c2 to this color */
		inc0 = (minc0 - r) * C0_SCALE;
		dist0 = inc0 * inc0;
		inc1 = (minc1 - g) * C1_SCALE;
		dist0 += inc1 * inc1;
		inc2 = (minc2 - b) * C2_SCALE;
		dist0 += inc2 * inc2;
		/* Form the initial difference increments */
		inc0 = inc0 * (2 * STEP_C0) + STEP_C0 * STEP_C0;
		inc1 = inc1 * (2 * STEP_C1) + STEP_C1 * STEP_C1;
		inc2 = inc2 * (2 * STEP_C2) + STEP_C2 * STEP_C2;
		/* Now loop over all cells in box, updating distance per Thomas method */
		bptr = bestdist;
		cptr = bestcolor;
		xx0 = inc0;
		for (ic0 = BOX_C0_ELEMS - 1; ic0 >= 0; ic0--) {
			dist1 = dist0;
			xx1 = inc1;
			for (ic1 = BOX_C1_ELEMS - 1; ic1 >= 0; ic1--) {
				dist2 = dist1;
				xx2 = inc2;
				for (ic2 = BOX_C2_ELEMS - 1; ic2 >= 0; ic2--) {
					if (dist2 < *bptr) {
						*bptr = dist2;
						*cptr = (JSAMPLE) icolor;
					}
					dist2 += xx2;
					xx2 += 2 * STEP_C2 * STEP_C2;
					bptr++;
					cptr++;
				}
				dist1 += xx1;
				xx1 += 2 * STEP_C1 * STEP_C1;
			}
			dist0 += xx0;
			xx0 += 2 * STEP_C0 * STEP_C0;
		}
	}
}


LOCAL (void)
fill_inverse_cmap (
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	j_decompress_ptr cinfo,
#else
	gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize,
#endif
	int c0, int c1, int c2)
/* Fill the inverse-colormap entries in the update box that contains */
/* histogram cell c0/c1/c2.	(Only that one cell MUST be filled, but */
/* we can fill as many others as we wish.) */
{
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;
#endif
	hist3d histogram = cquantize->histogram;
	int minc0, minc1, minc2;	/* lower left corner of update box */
	int ic0, ic1, ic2;
	register JSAMPLE *cptr;	/* pointer into bestcolor[] array */
	register histptr cachep;	/* pointer into main cache array */
	/* This array lists the candidate colormap indexes. */
	JSAMPLE colorlist[MAXNUMCOLORS];
	int numcolors;		/* number of candidate colors */
	/* This array holds the actually closest colormap index for each cell. */
	JSAMPLE bestcolor[BOX_C0_ELEMS * BOX_C1_ELEMS * BOX_C2_ELEMS];

	/* Convert cell coordinates to update box ID */
	c0 >>= BOX_C0_LOG;
	c1 >>= BOX_C1_LOG;
	c2 >>= BOX_C2_LOG;

	/* Compute true coordinates of update box's origin corner.
	 * Actually we compute the coordinates of the center of the corner
	 * histogram cell, which are the lower bounds of the volume we care about.
	 */
	minc0 = (c0 << BOX_C0_SHIFT) + ((1 << C0_SHIFT) >> 1);
	minc1 = (c1 << BOX_C1_SHIFT) + ((1 << C1_SHIFT) >> 1);
	minc2 = (c2 << BOX_C2_SHIFT) + ((1 << C2_SHIFT) >> 1);

	/* Determine which colormap entries are close enough to be candidates
	 * for the nearest entry to some cell in the update box.
	 */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	numcolors = find_nearby_colors(cinfo, minc0, minc1, minc2, colorlist);

	/* Determine the actually nearest colors. */
	find_best_colors(cinfo, minc0, minc1, minc2, numcolors, colorlist, bestcolor);
#else
	numcolors = find_nearby_colors(im, cquantize, minc0, minc1, minc2, colorlist);
	find_best_colors(im, cquantize, minc0, minc1, minc2, numcolors, colorlist, bestcolor);
#endif

	/* Save the best color numbers (plus 1) in the main cache array */
	c0 <<= BOX_C0_LOG;		/* convert ID back to base cell indexes */
	c1 <<= BOX_C1_LOG;
	c2 <<= BOX_C2_LOG;
	cptr = bestcolor;
	for (ic0 = 0; ic0 < BOX_C0_ELEMS; ic0++) {
		for (ic1 = 0; ic1 < BOX_C1_ELEMS; ic1++) {
			cachep = &histogram[c0 + ic0][c1 + ic1][c2];
			for (ic2 = 0; ic2 < BOX_C2_ELEMS; ic2++) {
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
				*cachep++ = (histcell) (GETJSAMPLE (*cptr++) + 1);
#else
				*cachep++ = (histcell) ((*cptr++) + 1);
#endif
			}
		}
	}
}


/*
 * Map some rows of pixels to the output colormapped representation.
 */

METHODDEF (void)
#ifndef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
pass2_no_dither (gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize)
{
	register int *inptr;
	register unsigned char *outptr;
	int width = im->sx;
	int num_rows = im->sy;
#else
pass2_no_dither (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, JSAMPARRAY input_buf, JSAMPARRAY output_buf, int num_rows)
/* This version performs no dithering */
{
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;
	register JSAMPROW inptr, outptr;
	JDIMENSION width = cinfo->output_width;
#endif
	hist3d histogram = cquantize->histogram;
	register int c0, c1, c2;
	int row;
	JDIMENSION col;
	register histptr cachep;


	for (row = 0; row < num_rows; row++) {
		inptr = input_buf[row];
		outptr = output_buf[row];
		for (col = width; col > 0; col--){
			/* get pixel value and index into the cache */
			int r, g, b;
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
			r = GETJSAMPLE(*inptr++);
			g = GETJSAMPLE(*inptr++);
			b = GETJSAMPLE(*inptr++);
#else
			r = gdTrueColorGetRed(*inptr);
			g = gdTrueColorGetGreen(*inptr);
			b = gdTrueColorGetBlue(*inptr++);

			/* If the pixel is transparent, we assign it the palette index that
			 * will later be added at the end of the palette as the transparent
			 * index.
			 */
			if ((im->transparent >= 0) && (im->transparent == *inptr)) {
				*outptr++ = im->colorsTotal;
				continue;
			}
#endif
			c0 = r >> C0_SHIFT;
			c1 = g >> C1_SHIFT;
			c2 = b >> C2_SHIFT;
			cachep = &histogram[c0][c1][c2];
			/* If we have not seen this color before, find nearest colormap entry
			 * and update the cache
			 */
			if (*cachep == 0) {
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
				fill_inverse_cmap(cinfo, c0, c1, c2);
#else
				fill_inverse_cmap(im, cquantize, c0, c1, c2);
#endif
			}
			/* Now emit the colormap index for this cell */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
			*outptr++ = (JSAMPLE) (*cachep - 1);
#else
			*outptr++ = (*cachep - 1);
#endif
		}
	}
}


METHODDEF (void)
#ifndef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
pass2_fs_dither (gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize)
{
#else
pass2_fs_dither (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, JSAMPARRAY input_buf, JSAMPARRAY output_buf, int num_rows)
/* This version performs Floyd-Steinberg dithering */
{
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;
	JSAMPROW inptr;		/* => current input pixel */
#endif
	hist3d histogram = cquantize->histogram;
	register LOCFSERROR cur0, cur1, cur2;	/* current error or pixel value */
	LOCFSERROR belowerr0, belowerr1, belowerr2;	/* error for pixel below cur */
	LOCFSERROR bpreverr0, bpreverr1, bpreverr2;	/* error for below/prev col */
	register FSERRPTR errorptr;	/* => fserrors[] at column before current */
	histptr cachep;
	int dir;			/* +1 or -1 depending on direction */
	int dir3;			/* 3*dir, for advancing inptr & errorptr */
	int row;
	JDIMENSION col;
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	JSAMPROW outptr;		/* => current output pixel */
	JDIMENSION width = cinfo->output_width;
	JSAMPLE *range_limit = cinfo->sample_range_limit;
	JSAMPROW colormap0 = cinfo->colormap[0];
	JSAMPROW colormap1 = cinfo->colormap[1];
	JSAMPROW colormap2 = cinfo->colormap[2];
#else
	int *inptr;			/* => current input pixel */
	unsigned char *outptr;	/* => current output pixel */
	int width = im->sx;
	int num_rows = im->sy;
	int *colormap0 = im->red;
	int *colormap1 = im->green;
	int *colormap2 = im->blue;
#endif
	int *error_limit = cquantize->error_limiter;


	SHIFT_TEMPS for (row = 0; row < num_rows; row++) {
		inptr = input_buf[row];
		outptr = output_buf[row];
		if (cquantize->on_odd_row) {
			/* work right to left in this row */
			inptr += (width - 1) * 3;	/* so point to rightmost pixel */
			outptr += width - 1;
			dir = -1;
			dir3 = -3;
			errorptr = cquantize->fserrors + (width + 1) * 3;	/* => entry after last column */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG_REVERSE_ODD_ROWS
			cquantize->on_odd_row = FALSE;	/* flip for next time */
#endif
		} else {
			/* work left to right in this row */
			dir = 1;
			dir3 = 3;
			errorptr = cquantize->fserrors;	/* => entry before first real column */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG_REVERSE_ODD_ROWS
			cquantize->on_odd_row = TRUE;	/* flip for next time */
#endif
		}
		/* Preset error values: no error propagated to first pixel from left */
		cur0 = cur1 = cur2 = 0;
		/* and no error propagated to row below yet */
		belowerr0 = belowerr1 = belowerr2 = 0;
		bpreverr0 = bpreverr1 = bpreverr2 = 0;

		for (col = width; col > 0; col--) {
			/* If this pixel is transparent, we want to assign it to the special
			 * transparency color index past the end of the palette rather than
			 * go through matching / dithering. */
			if ((im->transparent >= 0) && (*inptr == im->transparent)) {
				*outptr = im->colorsTotal;
				errorptr[0] = 0;
				errorptr[1] = 0;
				errorptr[2] = 0;
				errorptr[3] = 0;
				inptr += dir;
				outptr += dir;
				errorptr += dir3;
				continue;
			}
			/* curN holds the error propagated from the previous pixel on the
			 * current line.	Add the error propagated from the previous line
			 * to form the complete error correction term for this pixel, and
			 * round the error term (which is expressed * 16) to an integer.
			 * RIGHT_SHIFT rounds towards minus infinity, so adding 8 is correct
			 * for either sign of the error value.
			 * Note: errorptr points to *previous* column's array entry.
			 */
			cur0 = RIGHT_SHIFT (cur0 + errorptr[dir3 + 0] + 8, 4);
			cur1 = RIGHT_SHIFT (cur1 + errorptr[dir3 + 1] + 8, 4);
			cur2 = RIGHT_SHIFT (cur2 + errorptr[dir3 + 2] + 8, 4);
			/* Limit the error using transfer function set by init_error_limit.
			 * See comments with init_error_limit for rationale.
			 */
			cur0 = error_limit[cur0];
			cur1 = error_limit[cur1];
			cur2 = error_limit[cur2];
			/* Form pixel value + error, and range-limit to 0..MAXJSAMPLE.
			 * The maximum error is +- MAXJSAMPLE (or less with error limiting);
			 * this sets the required size of the range_limit array.
			 */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
			cur0 += GETJSAMPLE (inptr[0]);
			cur1 += GETJSAMPLE (inptr[1]);
			cur2 += GETJSAMPLE (inptr[2]);
			cur0 = GETJSAMPLE (range_limit[cur0]);
			cur1 = GETJSAMPLE (range_limit[cur1]);
			cur2 = GETJSAMPLE (range_limit[cur2]);
#else
			cur0 += gdTrueColorGetRed (*inptr);
			cur1 += gdTrueColorGetGreen (*inptr);
			cur2 += gdTrueColorGetBlue (*inptr);
			range_limit (cur0);
			range_limit (cur1);
			range_limit (cur2);
#endif

			/* Index into the cache with adjusted pixel value */
			cachep = &histogram[cur0 >> C0_SHIFT][cur1 >> C1_SHIFT][cur2 >> C2_SHIFT];
			/* If we have not seen this color before, find nearest colormap */
			/* entry and update the cache */
			if (*cachep == 0) {
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
				fill_inverse_cmap(cinfo, cur0 >> C0_SHIFT, cur1 >> C1_SHIFT, cur2 >> C2_SHIFT);
#else
				fill_inverse_cmap(im, cquantize, cur0 >> C0_SHIFT, cur1 >> C1_SHIFT, cur2 >> C2_SHIFT);
#endif
			}
			/* Now emit the colormap index for this cell */
			{
				register int pixcode = *cachep - 1;
				*outptr = (JSAMPLE) pixcode;
				/* Compute representation error for this pixel */
#define GETJSAMPLE
				cur0 -= GETJSAMPLE(colormap0[pixcode]);
				cur1 -= GETJSAMPLE(colormap1[pixcode]);
				cur2 -= GETJSAMPLE(colormap2[pixcode]);
#undef GETJSAMPLE
			}
			/* Compute error fractions to be propagated to adjacent pixels.
			 * Add these into the running sums, and simultaneously shift the
			 * next-line error sums left by 1 column.
			 */
			{
				register LOCFSERROR bnexterr, delta;

				bnexterr = cur0;	/* Process component 0 */
				delta = cur0 * 2;
				cur0 += delta;	/* form error * 3 */
				errorptr[0] = (FSERROR) (bpreverr0 + cur0);
				cur0 += delta;	/* form error * 5 */
				bpreverr0 = belowerr0 + cur0;
				belowerr0 = bnexterr;
				cur0 += delta;	/* form error * 7 */
				bnexterr = cur1;	/* Process component 1 */
				delta = cur1 * 2;
				cur1 += delta;	/* form error * 3 */
				errorptr[1] = (FSERROR) (bpreverr1 + cur1);
				cur1 += delta;	/* form error * 5 */
				bpreverr1 = belowerr1 + cur1;
				belowerr1 = bnexterr;
				cur1 += delta;	/* form error * 7 */
				bnexterr = cur2;	/* Process component 2 */
				delta = cur2 * 2;
				cur2 += delta;	/* form error * 3 */
				errorptr[2] = (FSERROR) (bpreverr2 + cur2);
				cur2 += delta;	/* form error * 5 */
				bpreverr2 = belowerr2 + cur2;
				belowerr2 = bnexterr;
				cur2 += delta;	/* form error * 7 */
			}
			/* At this point curN contains the 7/16 error value to be propagated
			 * to the next pixel on the current line, and all the errors for the
			 * next line have been shifted over.	We are therefore ready to move on.
			 */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
			inptr += dir3;	/* Advance pixel pointers to next column */
#else
			inptr += dir;		/* Advance pixel pointers to next column */
#endif
			outptr += dir;
			errorptr += dir3;	/* advance errorptr to current column */
		}
		/* Post-loop cleanup: we must unload the final error values into the
	 	 * final fserrors[] entry.	Note we need not unload belowerrN because
	 	 * it is for the dummy column before or after the actual array.
		 */
		errorptr[0] = (FSERROR) bpreverr0;	/* unload prev errs into array */
		errorptr[1] = (FSERROR) bpreverr1;
		errorptr[2] = (FSERROR) bpreverr2;
	}
}


/*
 * Initialize the error-limiting transfer function (lookup table).
 * The raw F-S error computation can potentially compute error values of up to
 * +- MAXJSAMPLE.	But we want the maximum correction applied to a pixel to be
 * much less, otherwise obviously wrong pixels will be created.	(Typical
 * effects include weird fringes at color-area boundaries, isolated bright
 * pixels in a dark area, etc.)	The standard advice for avoiding this problem
 * is to ensure that the "corners" of the color cube are allocated as output
 * colors; then repeated errors in the same direction cannot cause cascading
 * error buildup.	However, that only prevents the error from getting
 * completely out of hand; Aaron Giles reports that error limiting improves
 * the results even with corner colors allocated.
 * A simple clamping of the error values to about +- MAXJSAMPLE/8 works pretty
 * well, but the smoother transfer function used below is even better.	Thanks
 * to Aaron Giles for this idea.
 */

LOCAL (void)
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
init_error_limit (j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
#else
init_error_limit (gdImagePtr im, my_cquantize_ptr cquantize)
#endif
/* Allocate and fill in the error_limiter table */
{
	int *table;
	int in, out;
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;
	table = (int *) (*cinfo->mem->alloc_small) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, (MAXJSAMPLE * 2 + 1) * SIZEOF (int));
#else
	cquantize->error_limiter_storage = (int *) safe_emalloc((MAXJSAMPLE * 2 + 1), sizeof(int), 0);
	if (!cquantize->error_limiter_storage) {
		return;
	}
	table = cquantize->error_limiter_storage;
#endif

	table += MAXJSAMPLE;		/* so can index -MAXJSAMPLE .. +MAXJSAMPLE */
	cquantize->error_limiter = table;

#define STEPSIZE ((MAXJSAMPLE+1)/16)
	/* Map errors 1:1 up to +- MAXJSAMPLE/16 */
	out = 0;
	for (in = 0; in < STEPSIZE; in++, out++){
		table[in] = out;
		table[-in] = -out;
	}
	/* Map errors 1:2 up to +- 3*MAXJSAMPLE/16 */
	for (; in < STEPSIZE * 3; in++, out += (in & 1) ? 0 : 1) {
		table[in] = out;
		table[-in] = -out;
	}
	/* Clamp the rest to final out value (which is (MAXJSAMPLE+1)/8) */
	for (; in <= MAXJSAMPLE; in++) {
		table[in] = out;
		table[-in] = -out;
	}
#undef STEPSIZE
}


/*
 * Finish up at the end of each pass.
 */

#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
METHODDEF (void) finish_pass1 (j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
{
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;

	/* Select the representative colors and fill in cinfo->colormap */
	cinfo->colormap = cquantize->sv_colormap;
	select_colors (cinfo, cquantize->desired);
	/* Force next pass to zero the color index table */
	cquantize->needs_zeroed = TRUE;
}


METHODDEF (void) finish_pass2 (j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
{
	/* no work */
}

/*
 * Initialize for each processing pass.
 */

METHODDEF (void) start_pass_2_quant (j_decompress_ptr cinfo, boolean is_pre_scan)
{
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;
	hist3d histogram = cquantize->histogram;
	int i;

	/* Only F-S dithering or no dithering is supported. */
	/* If user asks for ordered dither, give him F-S. */
	if (cinfo->dither_mode != JDITHER_NONE) {
		cinfo->dither_mode = JDITHER_FS;
	}

	if (is_pre_scan){
		/* Set up method pointers */
		cquantize->pub.color_quantize = prescan_quantize;
		cquantize->pub.finish_pass = finish_pass1;
		cquantize->needs_zeroed = TRUE;	/* Always zero histogram */
	} else {
	 	/* Set up method pointers */
		if (cinfo->dither_mode == JDITHER_FS) {
			cquantize->pub.color_quantize = pass2_fs_dither;
		} else {
			cquantize->pub.color_quantize = pass2_no_dither;
		}
		cquantize->pub.finish_pass = finish_pass2;

		/* Make sure color count is acceptable */
		i = cinfo->actual_number_of_colors;
		if (i < 1) {
			ERREXIT1(cinfo, JERR_QUANT_FEW_COLORS, 1);
		}
		if (i > MAXNUMCOLORS) {
			ERREXIT1(cinfo, JERR_QUANT_MANY_COLORS, MAXNUMCOLORS);
		}

		if (cinfo->dither_mode == JDITHER_FS) {
			size_t arraysize = (size_t) ((cinfo->output_width + 2) * (3 * SIZEOF (FSERROR)));
			/* Allocate Floyd-Steinberg workspace if we didn't already. */
			if (cquantize->fserrors == NULL) {
				cquantize->fserrors = (FSERRPTR) (*cinfo->mem->alloc_large) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, arraysize);
			}
			/* Initialize the propagated errors to zero. */
			jzero_far((void FAR *) cquantize->fserrors, arraysize);
			/* Make the error-limit table if we didn't already. */
			if (cquantize->error_limiter == NULL) {
				init_error_limit(cinfo);
			}
			cquantize->on_odd_row = FALSE;
		}

	}
	/* Zero the histogram or inverse color map, if necessary */
	if (cquantize->needs_zeroed) {
		for (i = 0; i < HIST_C0_ELEMS; i++) {
			jzero_far((void FAR *) histogram[i], HIST_C1_ELEMS * HIST_C2_ELEMS * SIZEOF (histcell));
		}
		cquantize->needs_zeroed = FALSE;
	}
}


/*
 * Switch to a new external colormap between output passes.
 */

METHODDEF (void) new_color_map_2_quant (j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
{
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) cinfo->cquantize;

	/* Reset the inverse color map */
	cquantize->needs_zeroed = TRUE;
}
#else
static void zeroHistogram (hist3d histogram)
{
	int i;
	/* Zero the histogram or inverse color map */
	for (i = 0; i < HIST_C0_ELEMS; i++) {
		memset (histogram[i], 0, HIST_C1_ELEMS * HIST_C2_ELEMS * sizeof (histcell));
	}
}
#endif

/*
 * Module initialization routine for 2-pass color quantization.
 */

#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
GLOBAL (void)
jinit_2pass_quantizer (j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
#else
void
gdImageTrueColorToPalette (gdImagePtr im, int dither, int colorsWanted)
#endif
{
	my_cquantize_ptr cquantize = NULL;
	int i;

#ifndef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	/* Allocate the JPEG palette-storage */
	size_t arraysize;
	int maxColors = gdMaxColors;
	if (!im->trueColor) {
		/* Nothing to do! */
		return;
	}

	/* If we have a transparent color (the alphaless mode of transparency), we
	 * must reserve a palette entry for it at the end of the palette. */
	if (im->transparent >= 0){
		maxColors--;
	}
	if (colorsWanted > maxColors) {
		colorsWanted = maxColors;
	}
	im->pixels = gdCalloc(sizeof (unsigned char *), im->sy);
	for (i = 0; (i < im->sy); i++) {
		im->pixels[i] = gdCalloc(sizeof (unsigned char *), im->sx);
	}
#endif

#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) (*cinfo->mem->alloc_small) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, SIZEOF (my_cquantizer));
	cinfo->cquantize = (struct jpeg_color_quantizer *) cquantize;
	cquantize->pub.start_pass = start_pass_2_quant;
	cquantize->pub.new_color_map = new_color_map_2_quant;
	/* Make sure jdmaster didn't give me a case I can't handle */
	if (cinfo->out_color_components != 3) {
		ERREXIT (cinfo, JERR_NOTIMPL);
	}
#else
	cquantize = (my_cquantize_ptr) gdCalloc(sizeof (my_cquantizer), 1);
#endif
	cquantize->fserrors = NULL;	/* flag optional arrays not allocated */
	cquantize->error_limiter = NULL;

	/* Allocate the histogram/inverse colormap storage */
#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	cquantize->histogram = (hist3d) (*cinfo->mem->alloc_small) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, HIST_C0_ELEMS * SIZEOF (hist2d));
	for (i = 0; i < HIST_C0_ELEMS; i++) {
		cquantize->histogram[i] = (hist2d) (*cinfo->mem->alloc_large) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, HIST_C1_ELEMS * HIST_C2_ELEMS * SIZEOF (histcell));
	}
	cquantize->needs_zeroed = TRUE;	/* histogram is garbage now */
#else
	cquantize->histogram = (hist3d) safe_emalloc(HIST_C0_ELEMS, sizeof(hist2d), 0);
	for (i = 0; i < HIST_C0_ELEMS; i++) {
		cquantize->histogram[i] = (hist2d) safe_emalloc(HIST_C1_ELEMS, HIST_C2_ELEMS * sizeof(histcell), 0);
	}
#endif

#ifdef ORIGINAL_LIB_JPEG
	/* Allocate storage for the completed colormap, if required.
	 * We do this now since it is FAR storage and may affect
	 * the memory manager's space calculations.
	 */
	if (cinfo->enable_2pass_quant) {
		/* Make sure color count is acceptable */
		int desired = cinfo->desired_number_of_colors;
		/* Lower bound on # of colors ... somewhat arbitrary as long as > 0 */
		if (desired < 8) {
			ERREXIT1(cinfo, JERR_QUANT_FEW_COLORS, 8);
		}
		/* Make sure colormap indexes can be represented by JSAMPLEs */
		if (desired > MAXNUMCOLORS) {
			ERREXIT1 (cinfo, JERR_QUANT_MANY_COLORS, MAXNUMCOLORS);
		}
		cquantize->sv_colormap = (*cinfo->mem->alloc_sarray) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, (JDIMENSION) desired, (JDIMENSION) 3);
		cquantize->desired = desired;
	} else {
		cquantize->sv_colormap = NULL;
	}

	/* Only F-S dithering or no dithering is supported. */
	/* If user asks for ordered dither, give him F-S. */
	if (cinfo->dither_mode != JDITHER_NONE) {
		cinfo->dither_mode = JDITHER_FS;
	}

	/* Allocate Floyd-Steinberg workspace if necessary.
	 * This isn't really needed until pass 2, but again it is FAR storage.
	 * Although we will cope with a later change in dither_mode,
	 * we do not promise to honor max_memory_to_use if dither_mode changes.
	 */
	if (cinfo->dither_mode == JDITHER_FS) {
		cquantize->fserrors = (FSERRPTR) (*cinfo->mem->alloc_large) ((j_common_ptr) cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, (size_t) ((cinfo->output_width + 2) * (3 * SIZEOF (FSERROR))));
		/* Might as well create the error-limiting table too. */
		init_error_limit(cinfo);
	}
#else

	cquantize->fserrors = (FSERRPTR) gdMalloc(3 * sizeof (FSERROR));
	init_error_limit (im, cquantize);
	arraysize = (size_t) ((im->sx + 2) * (3 * sizeof (FSERROR)));
	gdFree(cquantize->fserrors);
	/* Allocate Floyd-Steinberg workspace. */
	cquantize->fserrors = gdCalloc(arraysize, 1);
	cquantize->on_odd_row = FALSE;

	/* Do the work! */
	zeroHistogram(cquantize->histogram);
	prescan_quantize(im, cquantize);
	/* TBB 2.0.5: pass colorsWanted, not 256! */
	select_colors(im, cquantize, colorsWanted);
	zeroHistogram(cquantize->histogram);
	if (dither) {
		pass2_fs_dither(im, cquantize);
	} else {
		pass2_no_dither(im, cquantize);
	}
#if 0	/* 2.0.12; we no longer attempt full alpha in palettes */
	if (cquantize->transparentIsPresent) {
		int mt = -1;
		int mtIndex = -1;
		for (i = 0; (i < im->colorsTotal); i++) {
			if (im->alpha[i] > mt) {
				mtIndex = i;
				mt = im->alpha[i];
			}
		}
		for (i = 0; (i < im->colorsTotal); i++) {
			if (im->alpha[i] == mt) {
				im->alpha[i] = gdAlphaTransparent;
			}
		}
	}
	if (cquantize->opaqueIsPresent) {
		int mo = 128;
		int moIndex = -1;
		for (i = 0; (i < im->colorsTotal); i++) {
			if (im->alpha[i] < mo) {
				moIndex = i;
				mo = im->alpha[i];
			}
		}
		for (i = 0; (i < im->colorsTotal); i++) {
			if (im->alpha[i] == mo) {
				im->alpha[i] = gdAlphaOpaque;
			}
		}
	}
#endif

	/* If we had a 'transparent' color, increment the color count so it's
	 * officially in the palette and convert the transparent variable to point to
	 * an index rather than a color (Its data already exists and transparent
	 * pixels have already been mapped to it by this point, it is done late as to
	 * avoid color matching / dithering with it). */
	if (im->transparent >= 0) {
		im->transparent = im->colorsTotal;
		im->colorsTotal++;
	}

	/* Success! Get rid of the truecolor image data. */
	im->trueColor = 0;
	/* Junk the truecolor pixels */
	for (i = 0; i < im->sy; i++) {
		gdFree(im->tpixels[i]);
	}
	gdFree(im->tpixels);
	im->tpixels = 0;
	/* Tediously free stuff. */

	if (im->trueColor) {
		/* On failure only */
		for (i = 0; i < im->sy; i++) {
			if (im->pixels[i]) {
				gdFree (im->pixels[i]);
			}
		}
		if (im->pixels) {
			gdFree (im->pixels);
		}
		im->pixels = 0;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < HIST_C0_ELEMS; i++) {
		if (cquantize->histogram[i]) {
			gdFree(cquantize->histogram[i]);
		}
	}
	if (cquantize->histogram) {
		gdFree(cquantize->histogram);
	}
	if (cquantize->fserrors) {
		gdFree(cquantize->fserrors);
	}
	if (cquantize->error_limiter_storage) {
		gdFree(cquantize->error_limiter_storage);
	}
	if (cquantize) {
		gdFree(cquantize);
	}
#endif
}

/* bring the palette colors in im2 to be closer to im1
 *
 */
int gdImageColorMatch (gdImagePtr im1, gdImagePtr im2)
{
	unsigned long *buf; /* stores our calculations */
	unsigned long *bp; /* buf ptr */
	int color, rgb;
	int x,y;
	int count;

	if( !im1->trueColor ) {
		return -1; /* im1 must be True Color */
	}
	if( im2->trueColor ) {
		return -2; /* im2 must be indexed */
	}
	if( (im1->sx != im2->sx) || (im1->sy != im2->sy) ) {
		return -3; /* the images are meant to be the same dimensions */
	}

	buf = (unsigned long *)safe_emalloc(sizeof(unsigned long), 5 * im2->colorsTotal, 0);
	memset( buf, 0, sizeof(unsigned long) * 5 * im2->colorsTotal );

	for (x=0; x<im1->sx; x++) {
		for( y=0; y<im1->sy; y++ ) {
			color = im2->pixels[y][x];
			rgb = im1->tpixels[y][x];
			bp = buf + (color * 5);
			(*(bp++))++;
			*(bp++) += gdTrueColorGetRed(rgb);
			*(bp++) += gdTrueColorGetGreen(rgb);
			*(bp++) += gdTrueColorGetBlue(rgb);
			*(bp++) += gdTrueColorGetAlpha(rgb);
		}
	}
	bp = buf;
	for (color=0; color<im2->colorsTotal; color++) {
		count = *(bp++);
		if( count > 0 ) {
			im2->red[color]		= *(bp++) / count;
			im2->green[color]	= *(bp++) / count;
			im2->blue[color]	= *(bp++) / count;
			im2->alpha[color]	= *(bp++) / count;
		} else {
			bp += 4;
		}
	}
	gdFree(buf);
	return 0;
}


#endif